简介
Fastlane是一套使用Ruby写的自动化工具集,用于iOS和Android的自动化打包、发布等工作,可以节省大量的时间。
官网:https://fastlane.tools/
文档:https://docs.fastlane.tools/
Github:https://github.com/fastlane/fastlane
前言
项目上线之际总需要打包测试,每次使用
Xcode - Archive
等待好几分钟的Buliding,然后Export,通过Application Loader
上传到AppStore
,或者分发到蒲公英,Fir
等发布平台。一系列操作是耗时且没有技术含量的工作,所以自动化打包ipa,很有必要掌握。点击前往Github下载Demo
工具
脚本工具有很多,这里使用的是
FastLane
,Github里面24+K的Star和3.7K的Fork,说明大量的开发者信任并一起维护使用。
安装
使用 FastLane
需要以下内容:
OS X10.9
及以上版本Ruby2.0
及以上版本- Xcode命令行工具
(CLT)
- 付费Apple开发者帐户
FastLane
是Ruby
脚本的集合,首先需要正确版本的Ruby
,从OS X10.9
及以后默认Ruby2.0
。
我们可以通过命令确认,打开终端输入如下命令:
ruby -v
检测是否安装了 Xcode CLT
打开终端输入如下命令:
xcode-select --install
如果已经安装了Xcode CLT
,则会收到
xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates
如果未安装,它将为您安装Xcode CLT
。
完成先决条件后,您就可以安装FastLane
了。 输入以下命令:
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin fastlane --verbose
正常情况,输入系统密码之后,终端窗口会有一系列活动,表明安装正在进行中,需要等待几分钟。
备注:这里如果报错,参考文章最下面 踩坑一
配置FastLane
1、fastlane init
新建一个项目工程,名字暂定 fastlaneTest
,cd 到项目根目录执行
fastlane init
这里会弹出四个选项,问你想要用Fastlane做什么? 这里我选的是3
1. 📸 Automate screenshots
2. 👩✈️ Automate beta distribution to TestFlight (自动testfilght型配置)
3. 🚀 Automate App Store distribution (自动发布型配置)
4. 🛠 Manual setup - manually setup your project to automate your (需要手动配置内容)
如果你的工程是用cocoapods的那么可能会提示让你勾选工程的Scheme;
步骤就是打开你的xcode,
点击Manage Schemes,
找到你的项目Scheme,在后面的多选框中进行勾选,
然后可以手动删除 fastlane文件夹,重新fastlane init一下。
2、登录Apple ID
[11:10:04]: ----------------------------------------------------------
[11:10:04]: --- Setting up fastlane for iOS App Store distribution ---
[11:10:04]: ----------------------------------------------------------
[11:10:04]: Parsing your local Xcode project to find the available schemes and the app identifier
[11:10:05]: $ xcodebuild -showBuildSettings -scheme fastlaneTest -project fastlaneTest.xcodeproj
[11:10:06]: $ cd /Users/hans3d/Desktop/fastlaneTest && agvtool what-version -terse
[11:10:07]: --------------------------------
[11:10:07]: --- Login with your Apple ID ---
[11:10:07]: --------------------------------
[11:10:07]: To use App Store Connect and Apple Developer Portal features as part of fastlane,
[11:10:07]: we will ask you for your Apple ID username and password
[11:10:07]: This is necessary for certain fastlane features, for example:
[11:10:07]:
[11:10:07]: - Create and manage your provisioning profiles on the Developer Portal
[11:10:07]: - Upload and manage TestFlight and App Store builds on App Store Connect
[11:10:07]: - Manage your App Store Connect app metadata and screenshots
[11:10:07]:
[11:10:07]: Your Apple ID credentials will only be stored in your Keychain, on your local machine
[11:10:07]: For more information, check out
[11:10:07]: https://github.com/fastlane/fastlane/tree/master/credentials_manager
[11:10:07]:
[11:10:07]: Please enter your Apple ID developer credentials
[11:10:07]: Apple ID Username:
输入Apple Developer
的账号和密码,因为2019.03苹果开启二级认证,需要手机登录开发者账号,进行允许权限。
登陆成功如下:
[11:41:06]: ✅ Logging in with your Apple ID was successful
[11:41:06]: Checking if the app 'com.cz.****.fastlaneTest' exists in your Apple Developer Portal...
[11:41:07]: It looks like the app 'com.cz.****.fastlaneTest' isn't available on the Apple Developer Portal
[11:41:07]: for the team ID '9A77SS**JG' on Apple ID '****@163.com '
[11:41:07]: Do you want fastlane to create the App ID for you on the Apple Developer Portal? (y/n)
选择 y
+----------------+--------------------------+
| Summary for produce 2.118.1 |
+----------------+--------------------------+
| username | ****@163.com |
| team_id | 9A77SS**JG |
| itc_team_id | 118370*** |
| platform | ios |
| app_identifier | com.cz.****.fastlaneTest |
| skip_itc | true |
| sku | 1552967*** |
| language | English |
| skip_devcenter | false |
+----------------+--------------------------+
然后会提示输入App Name:
[11:43:46]: App Name: fastlane_wnkp_demo
然后根据操作点击回车即可!此时目录结构大概如下所示:
Appfile
,用于存储应用程序标识符和Apple ID。
Fastfile
,用于管理您创建的用于调用某些操作的通道。最主要的文件,在这个文件中可以编写我们需要使用的各个工具的顺序、方式等。
3、配置脚本
通过Xcode打开Fastfile
文件如下
default_platform(:ios)
platform :ios do
desc "Push a new release build to the App Store"
lane :release do
build_app(scheme: "fastlaneTest")
upload_to_app_store(skip_metadata: true, skip_screenshots: true)
end
end
编写内容代码如下:
default_platform(:ios)
platform :ios do
desc "fastlane 打包上传到蒲公英发布网站"
lane :fsv_pgyer do
gym(
clean:true, # Clean项目
scheme:"fastlaneTest", # 项目名称
export_method:"ad-hoc", # 打包的类型
configuration:"Release", # 模式,默认Release,还有Debug
output_directory:"./build", # 输出的位置
)
end
end
一个lane就是一个任务,
fsv_pgyer
名字可以自己改。
gym
是fastlane提供的打包工具,括号里面就是你自己配置的一些东西。gym科普
4、执行命令、本地打包
最后就是打开终端,在你的工程目录下,运行fastlane fsv_pgyer
就行了。
fastlane fsv_pgyer
编译成功:
[15:49:55]: Successfully exported and compressed dSYM file
[15:49:55]: Successfully exported and signed the ipa file:
[15:49:55]: /Users/hans3d/Desktop/fastlaneTest/build/fastlaneTest.ipa
+------+------------------+-------------+
| fastlane summary |
+------+------------------+-------------+
| Step | Action | Time (in s) |
+------+------------------+-------------+
| 1 | default_platform | 0 |
| 2 | gym | 12 |
+------+------------------+-------------+
[15:49:55]: fastlane.tools finished successfully 🎉
打开项目目录,会发现有一个bulid文件夹,打开即是我们的ipa包
5、上传到蒲公英或者fir配置
1、cd到项目下,安装pgyer插件执行命令 、
fastlane add_plugin pgyer
执行结果:
[15:55:52]: Plugin 'fastlane-plugin-pgyer' was added to './fastlane/Pluginfile'
[15:55:52]: It looks like fastlane plugins are not yet set up for this project.
[15:55:52]: fastlane will modify your existing Gemfile at path '/Users/hans3d/Desktop/fastlaneTest/Gemfile'
[15:55:52]: This change is necessary for fastlane plugins to work
[15:55:52]: Should fastlane modify the Gemfile at path '/Users/hans3d/Desktop/fastlaneTest/Gemfile' for you? (y/n)
y
[15:55:59]: Successfully modified '/Users/hans3d/Desktop/fastlaneTest/Gemfile'
[15:55:59]: Make sure to commit your Gemfile, Gemfile.lock and Pluginfile to version control
Installing plugin dependencies...
Successfully installed plugins
2、重新编写项目目录下的Fastfile文件,如下:
default_platform(:ios)
platform :ios do
desc "fastlane 打包上传到蒲公英发布网站"
lane :fsv_pgyer do
gym(
clean:true, # Clean项目
scheme:"fastlaneTest", # 项目名称
export_method:"ad-hoc", # 打包的类型
configuration:"Release", # 模式,默认Release,还有Debug
output_directory:"./build", # 输出的位置
)
time = Time.new.strftime("%Y%m%d")
version = get_version_number
api_key = "06e5563d5a8b94aac1c297426d351df6"
user_key = "974d1feb99ad49c955ed82a16ae2c21a"
usipaName = "Release_#{version}_#{time}.ipa"
pgyer(api_key: "#{api_key}", user_key: "#{user_key}")
end
end
pgyer中的
api_key
和user_key
为蒲公英的应用->API中查看,如下图:
蒲公英配置 蒲公英文档
2、cd到项目根目录下,执行命令:
fastlane fsv_pgyer
输出结果:
[16:03:23]: Upload success. Visit this URL to see: https://www.pgyer.com/jnfC
+------+--------------------+-------------+
| fastlane summary |
+------+--------------------+-------------+
| Step | Action | Time (in s) |
+------+--------------------+-------------+
| 1 | default_platform | 0 |
| 2 | gym | 12 |
| 3 | get_version_number | 0 |
| 4 | pgyer | 1 |
+------+--------------------+-------------+
[16:03:23]: fastlane.tools finished successfully 🎉
打包上传成功,收到短信:
踩坑一
执行命令sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin fastlane --verbose
之后如下提示:
Could not find a valid gem 'fastlane' (>= 0), here is why:
Unable to download data from https://ruby.taobao.org - SSL_connect returned=1 errno=0 state=error: certificate verify failed (https://ruby.taobao.org/specs.4.8.gz)
错误原因:
查看gem
源
gem sources
输出结果:
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://ruby.taobao.org
所以需要更换源
删除之前的源
gem sources --remove https://ruby.taobao.org
增加新的源
gem sources -a https://gems.ruby-china.com
查看源:
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://gems.ruby-china.com
然后再执行:
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin fastlane --verbose
即可正常下载、问题解决!!!
踩坑二
打包失败还有需要开发者账号配置:
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