Centos7下docker环境的安装

作者: 李小二的倔强 | 来源:发表于2022-10-31 17:10 被阅读0次

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docker架构图

1.png

方式一：

1、yum 包更新
[root@centos7 ~]# yum update

2、卸载旧版本 Docker
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine

3、安装软件包
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

4、添加 Docker yum源
[root@centos7 ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

5、安装 Docker
[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install docker-ce

6、启动 Docker
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start docker

7、查看 Docker 版本号
[root@centos7 ~]# docker --version

8、重启docker
[root@centos7 ~]# service docker restart
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart  docker

方式二：

1、关闭防火墙、关闭selinux、关闭swapoff -a

systemctl stop firewalld
selinux=disabled
swapoff -a

2、安装docker

1)常用方法

a、配置yum源
yum 包更新
[root@centos7 ~] yum update
[root@centos7 ~] yum -y install yum-utils
阿里镜像源
[root@centos7 ~] yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Docker官方镜像源
[root@centos7 ~] yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

b、安装docker
显示docker-ce所有可安装版本：
[root@centos7 ~] yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
安装指定docker版本
[root@centos7 ~] yum install docker-ce-18.06.3.ce-3.el7  -y
[root@centos7 ~] yum -y install docker-ce
# centos8安装
[root@centos8 ~]sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
设置镜像存储目录
找到大点的挂载的目录进行存储
# 修改docker配置
[root@centos7 ~] vi /lib/systemd/system/docker.service

找到这行，往后面加上存储目录，例如这里是 --graph /apps/docker （此处也可以另外建一个文件去指定，详细参考下面方法）
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph /mnt/data/docker
启动docker并设置docker开机启动
[root@centos7 ~] systemctl enable docker
[root@centos7 ~] systemctl start docker

centos8 执行安装docker命令 yum install docker-ce-18.06.3.ce-3.el7 -y 可能会出现 containerd.io 包版本过的不问题

[root@localhost odc]# yum install docker-ce-20.10.9-3.el8   -y                
Last metadata expiration check: 0:21:22 ago on Thu 04 Aug 2022 10:53:36 AM CST.
Error: 
 Problem: package docker-ce-3:20.10.9-3.el8.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.10-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.10-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.11-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.11-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.12-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.12-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.13-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.13-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.9-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.9-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.5.10-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.5.10-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.5.11-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.5.11-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.6.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.6.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.6.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.6.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - problem with installed package buildah-1.22.3-2.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package buildah-1.22.3-2.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-66.rc10.module_el8.5.0+1004+c00a74f5.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-72.rc92.module_el8.5.0+1006+8d0e68a2.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
(try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

解决方法：此时需要安装新版containerd.io，然后进下面这个链接去看你所要的containerd.io版本
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/
然后复制路径安装（我这个装的是1.4.3版本的才更新没几天如果后面有新的版本直接换新的路径就好了）

#执行命令
yum install https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@localhost odc]# yum install https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:12 ago on Thu 04 Aug 2022 02:11:11 PM CST.
containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                      8.3 MB/s |  33 MB     00:04    
Error: 
 Problem: problem with installed package podman-3.3.1-9.module_el8.5.0+988+b1f0b741.x86_64
  - package podman-3.3.1-9.module_el8.5.0+988+b1f0b741.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.2-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64
  - conflicting requests
  - package runc-1.0.0-66.rc10.module_el8.5.0+1004+c00a74f5.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-72.rc92.module_el8.5.0+1006+8d0e68a2.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
(try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

上面bug 是CentOS 8 中安装 Docker 出现和 Podman 冲突的问题，解决方法如下

#先把之前装的低版本的卸载掉
sudo yum remove containerd.io

再执行yum install https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm便会成功，然后直接安装docker

2)本地rpm包安装

a)下载地址
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/
17版本请把docker-ce-selinux也一起下载
b、创建挂在目录以及阿里源的文件
mkdir -p /data/docker-root
mkdir -p /etc/docker
touch /etc/docker/daemon.json
chmod 700 /etc/docker/daemon.json
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"graph":"/data/docker-root",
"registry-mirrors": ["https://7bezldxe.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
c、安装docker
yum localinstall ./docker* -y
启动docker并设置docker开机启动
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker

3)二进制安装

a)下载地址
二进制包下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/
b)解压安装
tar zxvf docker-18.09.6.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin
mkdir /etc/docker
mkdir -p /data/docker-root
mv daemon.json /etc/docker
mv docker.service /usr/lib/systemd/system
启动docker并设置docker开机启动
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
c)涉及到的daemon.json和docker.service的文件内容
为了配置docker的目录和docker改为systemd以及阿里源
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"graph":"/data/docker-root",
"registry-mirrors": ["https://7bezldxe.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

为了设置命令启动的
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network.target firewalld.service

[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

卸载docker

1.Uninstall the Docker Engine, CLI, and Containerd packages:(卸载Docker引擎、CLI和Containerd包：)

$ sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

2.Images, containers, volumes, or customized configuration files on your host are not automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:(不会自动删除主机上的映像、容器、卷或自定义配置文件。要删除所有图像、容器和卷，请执行以下操作：)

$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

You must delete any edited configuration files manually.(必须手动删除任何已编辑的配置文件。)

Centos7下docker环境的安装

docker架构图

方式一：

方式二：

1)常用方法

2)本地rpm包安装

3)二进制安装

卸载docker

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