Termux 上安装各种 Linux 系统是通过 proot-distro 工具来实现的，所以先安装一下 proot-distro 工具。
~ $ pkg install proot-distro
查看Termux支持安装那些Linux
~ $ proot-distro list
Supported distributions:
* Alpine Linux
Alias: alpine
Installed: no
Comment: Rolling release branch (edge).
* Arch Linux
Alias: archlinux
Installed: no
Comment: Currently available only AArch64 and ARM ports.
* Artix Linux
Alias: artix
Installed: no
Comment: Currently available only for AArch64.
* Debian
Alias: debian
Installed: no
Comment: A stable release (bookworm).
* deepin
Alias: deepin
Installed: no
Comment: Supports only 64-bit CPUs.
* Fedora
Alias: fedora
Installed: no
Comment: Version 39. Supports only 64-bit CPUs.
* Manjaro
Alias: manjaro
Installed: no
Comment: Currently available only for AArch64.
* OpenSUSE
Alias: opensuse
Installed: no
Comment: Rolling release (Tumbleweed).
* Pardus (yirmibir)
Alias: pardus
Installed: no
* Ubuntu
Alias: ubuntu
Installed: no
Comment: Standard release (mantic). Not available for x86 32-bit (i686) CPUs.
* Void Linux
Alias: void
Installed: no
Install selected one with: proot-distro install <alias>
这里我们选择安装 Ubuntu 系统
~ $ proot-distro install ubuntu
安装完成后，登录 Ubuntu 系统
~ $ proot-distro login ubuntu
root@localhost:~#
查看一下 Ubuntu 版本
root@localhost:~# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 23.10"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="23.10"
VERSION="23.10 (Mantic Minotaur)"
VERSION_CODENAME=mantic
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=mantic
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
最后提一句，安装过程如果出现下面的错误
CANNOT LINK EXECUTABLE "curl": library "libssl.so.1.1" not found: needed by /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/libssh2.so in namespace (default)
可以执行一下完整的升级操作，再安装
apt full-upgrade
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