本文由稚隽教育原创编辑，BMAT考试逻辑题可供大家参考。
BMAT 第一部分主要考察三个部分，文本逻辑推理、定量推理还有抽象推理。在文本逻辑推理中，寻找结论（conclusion）、寻找假设（assumption）和漏洞（flaw）尤其是增强（strengthen）、削弱（weaken）往往令广大考生头痛。
与削弱问题不同，大多数BMAT强化问题不是以假设为重点。因此在加强问题时，不应常规采用否定方法（Negation Method）
加强问题的正确答案是一个额外的证据，使得结论比没有证据的情况更真实可靠有说服力。
在这里要主义注意错误的答案往往是再次陈述问题中已经提到的信息，而不是添加任何新的论据来支持结论。
这里我们来看一个例子：
It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry. This does not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young adults who are about to get married have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life, most notably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.
(B) A married person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with the same habit who is unmarried.
(C) A person who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage, and the same is true for people who drink alcohol immoderately.
(D) Among people who marry as young adults, most of those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume the habit later in life.
(E) Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long as those who marry.
乍一眼一看好像是结婚会造成身体更健康？（黑人问好） 我们来逐句分析这个argument具体如何分析：
It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry.
该声明指出对于男性和女性来说，年轻时就结婚的人比从未结婚的人寿命更长。
This does not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young adults who are about to get married have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life, most notably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol.
就第一部分说，这并不表明婚姻会导致人们活得更久。其原因在于与其他年轻人相比，即将结婚的年轻人的不健康习惯较少。该论点将吸烟和过度饮酒作为两种不健康的习惯。
所以主要观点是说婚姻本身并不会导致人们活得更久，但是结婚的年轻人比不结婚的人有更少的不健康习惯。因此事实上他们有更少的不健康习惯导致他们活得更久，而不是他们结婚的事实。
看选项前的思考：
我们需要加强哪一部分论证呢？我们需要加强作者的观点，即结婚的年轻人比没有结婚的年轻人寿命更长并不意味着婚姻会让人们活得更久。作者的意图在于强调缩短人们寿命是不健康的习惯。因此，我们需要支持这个结论：婚姻不是导致人们活得更久的事，而是因为他们有更少的不健康习惯。这种说法可以通过表明那些从不结婚的人，如果没有不健康的习惯，也可以和那些结婚的人一样长寿。
题目各选项分析：
(A) Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.
选项A表明，已婚人士较少参与有害运动。这一事实并不能说明人身伤害的风险是否会增加人们的寿命。而且即便如此，这个事实也只会支持婚姻使人们活得更久的结论。作者的主要观点是，婚姻本身并不会导致人们活得更久，而是已婚人士比未婚人士更不可能拥有不健康的习惯。所以，这种选择实际上削弱了作者的结论。
(B) A married person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with the same habit who is unmarried.
选项B说如果一个有不健康习惯的已婚人士比未婚人士更有可能放弃这个不健康的吸管。那么婚姻确实可以延长一个人的生命。所以，这也削弱了作者的论点。
(C) A person who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage, and the same is true for people who drink alcohol immoderately.
选项C告诉我们吸烟和喝酒的人可能会嫁给吸烟或喝酒的人。这并没有证明婚姻是否会延长他们的生命。
(D) Among people who marry as young adults, most of those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume the habit later in life.
选择D也削弱了作者的论点。放弃不健康习惯的已婚人士不太可能在以后的生活中恢复这种习惯。这表明已婚人士因此更有可能活得更久。因此，它支持婚姻增加一个人寿命的结论。
(E) Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long as those who marry.
This choice strengthens the author’s conclusion that having fewer unhealthy habits causes people to live longer. According to this option, unmarried people who don’t have unhealthy habits live as long as married people. So, this shows that it is the unhealthy habits that shorten people’s lives. This is the correct answer.
这是正确答案，选择E加强了作者的结论，即减少不健康的习惯会导致人们活得更久。根据这一选择，没有不健康习惯的未婚人士与已婚人士一样长寿。所以，这表明缩短人们寿命的是不健康习惯。
今天我们就聊到这里，下次我们聊一聊如何备考BMAT和UKCAT，非常欢迎备考小伙伴跟老师聊聊。
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