4-25

• eliminate poverty
• retain == keep/hold
• intense competition
• phantom
• exacting == demanding
• preliminary examination 预备的，初步的
• synthetic 合成的 (photosynthesis)
• prompt v.（n.）提示，促使，鼓励 / a.(adv.)迅速的（地）
• Many factors underlie my decision.
• intoxicate 迷倒 （toxic
• derive a conclusion from facts
  • derive 得到
• stem from == derive from
• syllabus 教学大纲
• syllable 音节
• massive 大规模的
• imperative a.专横的，必要的 n.命令
• secrete v.隐藏;分泌
• exude 溢出，流露出
• magnetic 磁性的
• hazard n/v 冒险，危及
  • hazrd to health
• hint 暗示
• offset v./n.抵消，弥补，偏移
  • offset the loss
• a viable plan/solution
• impede sb. to do / impede sth.
• chronic disease/stress 长期的，慢性的
• witness v.见证
• expertise of English
• incentive n.鼓励，动机，刺激
  • cent 钱
• erode sth
• make up a loss 弥补损失
• mortal 凡人；mortality 死亡率，死亡数

4-26

• permissive a.纵容的
• loom v.逼近 n.织布机
• elaborate == expound
  • elaborate arguments
• penetrate the apperance
• inconclusive == indecisive; undecided
• integral
• swift
• have preference for sth.
  • preference n.优惠，偏好
• ridge of the nose
• lubricate v.润滑
• fabricate v.编造（lies）
• cursory == perfunctory
• headlong adv.急速地，鲁莽的
• secular == mundane
• retail
• rival
• susceptible
• optimist
• prompt v.推动，促使 induce; to cause sb to do sth./ n.提示
• substitute
• notoriety
  • notorious a.
• precaution
• manipulate the computer
• banner 横幅
• barrier == hindrance ; impediment; obstacle
• weld v.焊接
• elect
• erect
• lest conj.以免，担心
• float
• fluctuate
  • have some fluctuations
• diminish; decline
• sth dwindle [anti:swell]
• sophisticate
• tame v.驯服；a.顺从的
• variable
• pioneer
• mammal(s)
• affiliate v/n 分属，分公司
• affair
• approach == method; way
• intervene == interfere v.干涉
  • intervention
• regal 皇家的，尊贵的
• lithosphere 岩石圈
• hydrosphere
• indecent 下流的不得体的
• cannon 大炮
• canon 标准准则（准则是唯一的，只有一个n
• exert 施加，运用
• prosecutor 检察官，起诉人
• blame sth on sb
• chaos (吵死-->a.混乱的
• engrave 雕刻，铭记
• indignant a.愤怒的
• germ n.微生物；起源；发芽
  • germinate v.
• germane == relevant; pertinent; related
• beaming 愉快的，耀眼的
• rear v.抚养，a.后部的
• sketch n./v. 草稿，概述
• ritual
• offspring == descendant
• faint a.微弱的，v.昏倒
• prevent sb from doing
• consonant == congruent a.
• codename
• soar v.
  • soaring a.急剧上升(的)
• expend
  • expenditure
• diagnose
• transmit diseases/light
• marble n.理智；大理石
• harvest
• pluck v.摘，拨，鼓起勇气 n.胆识，胆量
  • pluck up courage to do
• mould v.(发)霉，模具
• molder == decay
• bristle v.
  • bristle with anger
• captive n./a.
• alumna 女校友
• alumnus 男校友
• circulate the news/ blood
• bishop 主教
• phonetics n./a.
• brim v.充满 n.边
  • Her eyes brimmed with tears.
• sauce
• hostel 招待所 ； host v.
• grind v.磨碎；碾碎
• premier a.首要的 n.首相
  • premiership
• influential
• appoint sb + occupation
• appoint a time for meeting
• commuter train 通勤列车
• distract == divert
  • distraction; inattention
• tractor 拖拉机
• detract == deprecate
• cope with problems
• assort
  • assort with sb. 交际/协调
  • assort sth into 分类
• explicit == definite; unambiguous; unequivocal

4-27

• overtake vt. 赶上，超过
• subtle == small
• nucleus n.核心，原子核
  • the nucleus of
• make a deep impression on sb
• gist 要点；主旨；大意
• cliff n.
• wholesome == healthy
• complicate the problems/diseases
• assembly n.会议;装配，集合
• indulge v.放纵
• lodge n.小屋
• naval 海军的
• log n.木头，日记 v.伐木
• Use the sauce to flavor the meat.
• elevated == raised; noble
• haul v./n.托，拉
• hurdle a problem/difficulty/barrier 克服，解决，跨栏
• casino
• cone
• aggravate == exasperate; irritate
• scope
• slope
• obssess v.困扰，着迷
• bite -bit -bitten
• bait ==n. enticement; v. lure
• prison
• funeral
• downtown
• oath 誓约，诅咒
• marathon 马拉松
• sting 刺
• terrace 梯田
• balcony
• soak v.浸泡
• levy v./n. 征收，征税
• cram v.塞满 n.死记硬背,突击考试
  • cram for the exam
• liner 轮船
• sanitation n.公共卫生
• sanitary a.
• sanction
• radish 小萝卜
• plagiarise 剽窃，抄袭

4-28/4-29

• indignation 愤怒
• by contrast
• impel sb to do
• concrete evidence 确凿的证据
• gratitude 感激感谢
• junction
• narrate
• outset 开端，起始
• council 委员会
• inferior 次要的
• impose sth on sb 强迫
• default v.缺席，违约
• originate the plan
• suburb
• downtown
• reconcile sb with sb; reconcile disputes
• steep v.浸泡 a.陡峭的
• stadium 操场
• reclaim 收回，开垦，感化
• persecute 迫害，烦扰
• prohibit sth/doing
• provident 有先见之明的
• subsidiary a.次要的，辅助的
• subsidy n.津贴
• comply; conform with/to
• proximity n.亲近
• intrude;interrupt
  • intrude on sth 打断
• propose 提议，计划，求婚
• stuuning; surprising; attractive
• obtrusive ; noticeable
• setback
• dread ; fear
• staple; essential
• steely ; hard
• facile a.; facility n.
• convict
• opacity n. opaque a.
• A denote B, A代表B
• hale，robust
• acquisition 获得，收购
• grievance ;complaint
• virtuous
• artery 干线，动脉
• pail 桶
• prey on sth/sb
• wrap up 打包
• compensatory payment
• blaspheme v.辱骂
• invoke; implore, entreat, solicit; plead ; beg
• wreath
• herald
• halter
• hallowed
• lever v.撬动，n.杠杆
• deduct 扣除，减去
• deductible
• embark 从事，上飞机/船
• garment 衣服
• plunge
• vow 誓言
• antarctic
• volt
• loss； losses
• in regard to
• flaw ; drawback
• compute the bill
• strangle 勒死，遏制，制止; choke, smother
• willful ；deliberate
• disclose； divulge； expose
• instinct 直觉，本能
• tub 桶，盆
• oath，vow
• senate 参议院
• mortgage v./n.抵押，按揭
• extract v.摘录，榨出
• hostage 人质
• flashlight 手电筒，闪光灯
• empirical； practical
• artry 动脉
• vein 静脉
• trench v/n 挖沟，沟
• be apt to do
• dissert 讨论，discuss
• dissertation 论文
• perennial ；permanent ；enduring

4-30

• contract 合同
• saddle 马鞍
• atlas 地图
• bind v.捆绑，约束，装订
• preposition 介词
• vigor n.
• senate 参议院
• harness n.马具，驾驭，处理
• saturate v.使饱和
  • satur- = state 满足
• cab 出租车驾驶室
• vacuum
• probe
• umpire v./n （当）裁判
• wholesome
• wool 羊毛，毛线
• mortgage
  • mort- 生命
• indulge
• divulge
• rival v./n.
• prescribe

5-3

• lull
• lure
• embellish the article
• indecent 不得体的，下流的
• ventilation n.通风装置,通风
• prosecutor
• excavate
• stipulation 规定
• stipulate v.
• mattress 床垫
• inference
• reference
• commitment 承诺，投入
• tail v.尾随
• rear v.抚养 n.后面
• puff v/n 吸，吹，喷，吹嘘
• passing 短暂的
• willful
• willing
• deficit
• circumference
• circumstance

5-5

• bulb n.球状植物根茎，电灯泡
• A rival B
• pollen
• cane v.用藤条打 n.竹杆，藤条，手杖
• cone
• You will regret this later on.
• semantic 语义的
• steer v.驾驶，控制
• devise
• device
• gush v.喷涌，滔滔不绝地说
• peel v.剥皮 n.果皮
• seismic
• burgeon
• conterbalance v.== offset
• hive v.群居 n.峰巢
• auxiliary；accessory；affiliate
• shear off the wool
  • shear v.剪切
• foodie; gourmet
• oven 烤箱，烤炉
• carrot
• scallion 葱
• baggage
• itinerary n.
• itinerate v.
• starve
• fright n.惊吓，恐怖
• tenant v./n.
• extinguish
• disable v.
• unmanly 懦弱的，无男子气概的
• doze v.打瞌睡

5-6

• deductible
• maid 女仆
• submit v.屈服，提交
• pirate v.抄袭，抢劫 n.
• adversity 逆境，不幸
• intonation 语言，声调，音准
• a stack of books
• agony n., pain
• applicance 器具，器械
• canal
• wilderness 荒野，荒地
• pharaoh 法老
• massacre n./v.屠杀
• entail == necessitate/lead
• sole n.鞋底，脚掌 a.唯一的
• aural 听觉的

5-7

• mud-muddy
• flyby n.飞跃
• spawn v./n（产）卵
• ripen v.
• objection; rejection
• polytechnic a.工艺的；n.理工学校
• charm v.
• glove n.
• determine sth
• determine on doing sth
• stainless
• lid v/n. 盖，盖子
• bracelet n.手镯
• block n.街区；v.阻碍
• viaduct 高架桥
• dismiss v. [dismissal n.]
• ax v./n （用）斧子
• casualty 伤亡人数；事故；急诊室
  • casualty figures
• contain v.check,stop
• corpus 文集，文献，语料库

5-8

• condom
• moan
• mutton 羊肉
• respectively 分别地
• awfully== very，可以修饰正向词汇
• rank first
• umpire 裁判，裁判员
• political organism
• paste n.面团，糨糊，v.粘贴
• tsunami 海啸
• inflection 变音，转调
• inflect
• reflect
• clan
• hull 外壳
• arthritis 关节炎
• be keen to do

5-9

• quota 定量，配额
• audit v./n.审计，检查
• astry adv/a.迷路的
• naval
• base a.卑鄙的
• followup 后续工作
• dice v.切丁，n.骰子
• dreadful
• sock n.
• soak v.
• precipitate decision a.仓促的
  • precipitate v.使发生，沉淀；n.
• demolish; destroy
• painstaking 幸苦的

5-10

• sneeze 打喷嚏
• surmount; overcome
• concession
• reach a consensus
• propulsion
• extra-curricular
• perish : change state,turn
  • perish the thought
• rust
• relate a story == tell a story
• economic plight
• congestion
• homesick 思乡的
• nuisance 讨厌的人/事
• relieve v.
• relief n.
• contingency 偶然事件
• shred n./v.切碎；碎片，少量
• deflation
• distress
• rack v.破坏，放到架子上 n.架子
• trunk 树干，躯干
• reap v.收割，收获
• stony 冷酷的
• blossom v.发展，开花；n.
• spade 铁锹，黑桃
• patent v./n. 专利；获取专利
• tournament
• jar v.震动，令人不快；n.罐子
• apparatus 装置，仪器，器官
• bilateral
• attorney
• tactic
• spouse
• neural 神经的
• wretched 悲惨的,恶劣的
• sluggish a.
• nasty a.肮脏的，下流的

5-11

• gale n.一阵，大风
• loaf v.fiddle n.bread
• reimburse； compensate; recompense
• pagoda 佛塔
• stipulation 规定
• tent 帐篷
• ore
• revolt v./n.
• signpost 路标
• humor v.迎合 n.幽默
• prefix
• mistress 女主人，情妇，女教师
• specification 规格，规范
• prosper v. succeed
• pictograph 象形文字
• pledge sth ; mortage sth
• pledge not to do ; promise not to do
• clause 条款，从句
• sparrow 麻雀
• crater
• candle wick
• wicked
• stature 身高，声望
• redeem v.挽回，赎回
• uphold; support ; advocate
• inward; interior
• slender ； thin
• sway； influence ； dominate
• jogging 磕碰，慢跑
• flute v./n.(吹) 笛子
• dial v.
  • dialogue n.
• epic; heroic/ large
• leaflet v./n. (发)传单
• My fears haunt me again.
• costly; expensive
• enclose the land with hedges

5-12

• scaffold
• trail
  • rail 轨道
• trial
• evacuate v. move; empty
• trespass v./n.; offend,transgress
• prejudice；partiality，partisanship，bias

5-13

• shred v.cut ; n.dearth
• cripple n/v. （使成）瘸子
• gown 长袍，礼服
• pronounced；marked；conspicuous；noticeable
• cater
• crater
• prose 散文
• savage 凶猛的
• meadow 草地，牧场
• hut 小屋
• torture v/n.酷刑，拷打
• liquor 烈酒
• chin 下巴
• bore v./n 打孔
• razor 剃须刀
• digest of news
• mow v.收割，n.草垛
• thermostat 恒温器
• smuggle v.走私
• smuggler 走私者
• handout 救济品，讲义
• omit 省略，遗漏
• enormity 巨大，邪恶
• sprawl v/n. 蔓延
• projector 投影仪

5-14

• majestic；splendid；magnificent
• chore 家务活，杂事
• soar v. spike
• execute a plan
• bait n诱饵；v.irritate
• dredge 挖掘
• asylum 收容所，精神病院
• stride v./n.大步走,步伐
• flare v.燃烧，爆发 n.
• rake v.search n.耙子
• cataclysmic
• catastrophe

5-15

• tray 托盘
• coin = v.create
• undo = destroy/annul
• flag = wane; decay
• penalty for sth
• resort to do = chose to do
• paperback 平装书，平装本
• brim = edge
• crane 起重机，鹤
• cane
• shilling 先令
• bore v.钻孔; annoy
• earnest；genuine 真诚的
• devastate，damage，destroy，ruin
• brake v/n.刹车
• indict，sue，accuse
• disposal of sth
• pin n./v.大头针，固定
• pillar n.柱子
• turnip 萝卜
• radish
• slum 贫民窟
• aural 听觉的
• qualitative 定性的
• vinegar 醋
• safari 旅行
• submerge
• portal 入门，入门网站
• protocol