TypeScript 函数

1 . 函数的定义

let myAdd = function(x:number,y:number):number {
    return x+y;
}
let myAdd2:(baseValue:number,incrementValue:number)=> number  = function (x,y){
    return x+y;
}

2 . 可选参数 ？必须放在必选参数之后

function add(x:number,y:number,c?:number){
 ...
}

3 . 默认参数
与普通可选参数不同的是，带默认值的参数不需要放在必须参数的后面。 如果带默认值的参数出现在必须参数前面，用户必须明确的传入undefined值来获得默认值
4 . 剩余参数

function buildName(firstName: string, ...restOfName: string[]) {
  return firstName + " " + restOfName.join(" ");
}

let employeeName = buildName("Joseph", "Samuel", "Lucas", "MacKinzie");

5 . 只要是不确定 this 的使用地方 均用箭头函数

6 . 重载

let suits = ["hearts", "spades", "clubs", "diamonds"];

function pickCard(x: {suit: string; card: number; }[]): number;
function pickCard(x: number): {suit: string; card: number; };
function pickCard(x): any {
    // Check to see if we're working with an object/array
    // if so, they gave us the deck and we'll pick the card
    if (typeof x == "object") {
        let pickedCard = Math.floor(Math.random() * x.length);
        return pickedCard;
    }
    // Otherwise just let them pick the card
    else if (typeof x == "number") {
        let pickedSuit = Math.floor(x / 13);
        return { suit: suits[pickedSuit], card: x % 13 };
    }
}

let myDeck = [{ suit: "diamonds", card: 2 }, { suit: "spades", card: 10 }, { suit: "hearts", card: 4 }];
let pickedCard1 = myDeck[pickCard(myDeck)];
alert("card: " + pickedCard1.card + " of " + pickedCard1.suit);

let pickedCard2 = pickCard(15);
alert("card: " + pickedCard2.card + " of " + pickedCard2.suit);

注意，function pickCard(x): any并不是重载列表的一部分，因此这里只有两个重载：一个是接收对象另一个接收数字。 以其它参数调用pickCard会产生错误。