一、主屏幕快速选项(Home Screen Quick Actions)

主屏幕快速选项就是指在主屏幕上按压应用icon时出现一系列的快捷选项，如图说示：

IMG_0287.png

实现主屏幕快速选项有2种方式：静态快速选项和动态快速选项

1.0 静态快速选项
在info.plist文件中定义UIApplicationShortcutItems数组
<key>UIApplicationShortcutItems</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile</key> // 自定义图片可选属性
<string>share.png</string> // 图片名

<key>UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle</key> // 副标题可选属性
<string>这是分享</string>
<key>UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle</key> // 主标题必须有
<string>分享</string>
<key>UIApplicationShortcutItemType</key> // item表示必须有
<string>3dtouch.share</string>
<key>UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo</key> // 数据可选
<dict>
<key>url</key>
<string>index</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
2.0 动态快速选项
在iOS9中，UIApplication中增加了shortcutItems的属性，
@class UIApplicationShortcutItem;
@interface UIApplication (UIShortcutItems)
// Register shortcuts to display on the home screen, or retrieve currently registered shortcuts.
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSArray<UIApplicationShortcutItem *> *shortcutItems NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);
@end
UIApplicationShortcutItem就是我们创建的每一个快速选项，放到shortcutItems数组中就可以了，我们可以在- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary *)launchOptions NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);方法中代码创建，代码如下：
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
// UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithTemplateImageName:@"down"]; 使用自定义图片icon
UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch]; // 使用系统icon
UIApplicationShortcutItem *item1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"3dtouch.search" localizedTitle:@"搜索" localizedSubtitle:@"11" icon:icon userInfo:nil];
// UIApplicationShortcutItem *item1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"3dtouch.home" localizedTitle:@"搜索"];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setShortcutItems:@[item1]];
// Override point for customization after application launch.
return YES;
}
我们来看看UIApplicationShortcutItem这个类
@interface UIApplicationShortcutItem : NSObject <NSCopying, NSMutableCopying>
```
- (instancetype)init NS_UNAVAILABLE;
- (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle localizedSubtitle:(nullable NSString *)localizedSubtitle icon:(nullable UIApplicationShortcutIcon *)icon userInfo:(nullable NSDictionary *)userInfo NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
- (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle;

// An application-specific string that identifies the type of action to perform.
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *type;

// Properties controlling how the item should be displayed on the home screen.
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *localizedTitle;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString       *localizedSubtitle;
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon;

// Application-specific information needed to perform the action.
// Will throw an exception if the NSDictionary is not plist-encodable.
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSDictionary<NSString *, id <NSSecureCoding>> *userInfo;

@end
```

UIApplicationShortcutItem有3种创建方式，我们主要使用用第二种和第三种方式，第二种方式参数比较全面，有些可以为空有些不能为空，第三种方式的参数都是必填，至于哪些参数为必须，哪些是非必须的，与静态快速选项是一致的，可以参照上面静态快速选项的介绍。在创建UIApplicationShortcutItem时，如果需要icon，我们会使用到UIApplicationShortcutIcon
@class UIImage;

    typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIApplicationShortcutIconType) {
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCompose,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePlay,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePause,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLocation,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare
    } NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0); // 系统提供icon

    NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0)
    @interface UIApplicationShortcutIcon : NSObject <NSCopying>

    // Create an icon using a system-defined image.
    + (instancetype)iconWithType:(UIApplicationShortcutIconType)type; // 使用系统icon

    // Create an icon from a custom image.
    // The provided image named will be loaded from the app's bundle
    // and will be masked to conform to the system-defined icon style.
    + (instancetype)iconWithTemplateImageName:(NSString *)templateImageName; // 使用自定义icon

    @end

这样我们的主屏幕快速选项就基本完成了，主屏幕快速选项静态和动态创建的总数量不能超过4个，超过部分会不显示，而且静态创建的会优先创建出来。快速选项样式不能自定义，只能是使用系统样式，如果你想图片固定在文字左边，或是文字加颜色或换行之类的需求是做不到的。

3.0 从快速选项进入应用
iOS9新增方法- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void(^)(BOOL succeeded))completionHandler NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);使我们可以从快速选项进入应用
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(nonnull UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler
{
if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"3dtouch.share"]) { // 判断点击的是哪个快速选项
NSLog(@"进入分享");
UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
UINavigationController *controller = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"main"];
```
  ShareViewController *shareVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"ShareViewController"];
  [controller pushViewController:shareVC animated:YES];
  self.window.rootViewController = controller;
  [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
  }
```