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Centos7.4安装Mysql5.7

Centos7.4安装Mysql5.7

作者: 李2牛 | 来源:发表于2018-07-12 11:36 被阅读0次

    前言

    参见 Using the MySQL Yum Repository

    环境说明

    CentOS 7(Minimal Install)

    $ cat /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
    

    安装和配置步骤

    1.配置 yum 源

    去 MySQL 官网下载 YUM 的 RPM 安装包,http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

    下载 mysql 源安装包

    $ curl -LO http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
    

    安装 mysql 源

    $ sudo yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
    

    检查 yum 源是否安装成功

    $ sudo yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
    mysql-connectors-community           MySQL Connectors Community              21
    mysql-tools-community                MySQL Tools Community                   38
    mysql57-community                    MySQL 5.7 Community Server             130
    

    如上所示,找到了 mysql 的安装包

    2.安装

    $ sudo yum install mysql-community-server
    

    3.启动

    安装服务

    $ sudo systemctl enable mysqld
    

    启动服务

    $ sudo systemctl start mysqld
    

    查看服务状态

    $ sudo systemctl status mysqld
    

    4.修改 root 默认密码

    MySQL 5.7 启动后,在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中给 root 生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到 root 默认密码,然后登录 mysql 进行修改:

    $ grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **********
    
    

    登录 MySQL 并修改密码

    $ mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: 
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
    

    注意:MySQL 5.7 默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于 8 位。

    通过 MySQL 环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息:

    mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
    +--------------------------------------+--------+
    | Variable_name                        | Value  |
    +--------------------------------------+--------+
    | validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF    |
    | validate_password_dictionary_file    |        |
    | validate_password_length             | 8      |
    | validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1      |
    | validate_password_number_count       | 1      |
    | validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM |
    | validate_password_special_char_count | 1      |
    +--------------------------------------+--------+
    7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
    

    具体修改,参见 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy

    指定密码校验策略

    $ sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
    
    [mysqld]
    # 添加如下键值对, 0=LOW, 1=MEDIUM, 2=STRONG
    validate_password_policy=0
    
    

    禁用密码策略

    $ sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
    
    [mysqld]
    # 禁用密码校验策略
    validate_password = off
    
    

    重启 MySQL 服务,使配置生效

    $ sudo systemctl restart mysqld
    
    

    5.添加远程登录用户

    MySQL 默认只允许 root 帐户在本地登录,如果要在其它机器上连接 MySQL,必须修改 root 允许远程连接,或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户,为了安全起见,本例添加一个新的帐户:

    mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    
    

    6.配置默认编码为 utf8

    MySQL 默认为 latin1, 一般修改为 UTF-8

    $ vi /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    # 在myslqd下添加如下键值对
    character_set_server=utf8
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
    
    

    重启 MySQL 服务,使配置生效

    $ sudo systemctl restart mysqld
    
    

    查看字符集

    mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    8 rows in set (0.00 sec
    
    

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