六大操作手势

作者: DDY | 来源:发表于2016-10-31 13:09 被阅读148次

六大操作手势
浅谈用户交互常见的“操作手势”
手势操作
Android使用GestureDetector进行手势检测
iOS 手势相关知识总结
UIGestureRecognizer
手势
自定义手势
Suru--高颜值清单应用
产品交互自查笔记#05手势

使用 touches 方法来监听 view 的触摸事件弊端：

必须得自定义 view, 在自定义的 View 当中去实现 touches 方法
由于是在 view 内部的 touches 方法中监听触摸事件，因此默认无法让其外界对象监听该 view 的触摸事件
不容易区分用户具体的手势行为

鉴于这些问题，在iOS 3.2 之后，苹果推出了手势识别功能（Gesture Recognizer）

利用 UIGestureRecognizer，能轻松识别用户在某个 view 上面做的一些常见手势
UIGestureRecognizer 是一个抽象类，定义了所有手势的基本行为，使用它的子类才能处理具体的手势
1. 点按手势 UITapGestureRecognizer
2. 长按手势 UILongPressGestureRecognizer
3. 拖拽手势 UIPanGestureRecognizer
4. 轻扫手势 UISwipeGestureRecognizer
5. 旋转手势 UIRotationGestureRecognizer
6. 捏合手势 UIPinchGestureRecognizer

手势的使用方法

创建手势
添加手势
实现手势方法
补充（手势也可以设置代理）

代码示范

点按手势 UITapGestureRecognizer

- (void)topGes {
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGes = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tap)];
    tapGes.delegate = self;
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:tapGes];
}
- (void)tap {
    NSLog(@"现在是点按手势");
}
// 代理方法：是否允许接收手指
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldReceiveTouch:(UITouch *)touch {
    //让图片左边可以点击，右边不能点击
    CGPoint curP = [touch locationInView:self.imageView];
    if (curP.x > self.imageView.bounds.size.width * 0.5) {
        return NO;
    }else {
        return YES;
    }
}

长按手势 UILongPressGestureRecognizer

- (void)longPGes {
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPGes = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longP:)];
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:longPGes];
}
//当长按并移动时，会多次调用这个方法
- (void)longP:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longP {
    //判断长按时的状态
    if (longP.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
        NSLog(@"开始长按");
    }else if (longP.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        NSLog(@"- - - 长按时手指移动了 - - -");
    }else if (longP.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {
        NSLog(@"长按结束");
    }
}

拖拽手势 UIPanGestureRecognizer

- (void)panGes {
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGes = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pan:)];
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:panGes];
}
- (void)pan:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)pan {
    //获取偏移量
    CGPoint transP = [pan translationInView:self.imageView];
    NSLog(@"transP = %@", NSStringFromCGPoint(transP));
 
    //移动图片
    self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(self.imageView.transform, transP.x, transP.y);
    //清零,不要累加
    [pan setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:self.imageView];
}

轻扫手势 UISwipeGestureRecognizer

一个手势只能对应一个方向，若要支持多个方向，可以添加多个手势
轻扫手势的方向默认是向右
可以通过修改手势的 direction 属性修改手势的方向

- (void)swipeGes {
    //一个手势只能对应一个方向，若要支持多个方向，可以添加多个手势
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGes1 = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipe:)];
    //轻扫手势的方向默认是向右
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGes1];
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGes2 = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipe:)];
    //可以修改手势的方向，向上
    swipeGes2.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp;
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGes2];
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGes3 = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipe:)];
    //手势的方向，向左
    swipeGes3.direction =  UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft;
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGes3];
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGes4 = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipe:)];
    //手势的方向，向下
    swipeGes4.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown;
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGes4];
}
- (void)swipe:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)swipe {
    if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft) {
        NSLog(@"向左轻扫 --- left");
    }else if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight){
        NSLog(@"向右轻扫 --- right");
    }else if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp){
        NSLog(@"向上轻扫 --- up");
    } else if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown) {
        NSLog(@"向下轻扫 --- down");
    }
}

旋转手势 UIRotationGestureRecognizer

- (void)rotationGes {
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotationGes = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotation:)];
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:rotationGes];
}
 
- (void)rotation:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)rotationGes {
    //获取旋转的度数
    CGFloat angle = rotationGes.rotation;
    //旋转图片
    self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.imageView.transform, angle);
    //清零
    [rotationGes setRotation:0];
}

捏合手势 UIPinchGestureRecognizer

- (void)pinchGes {
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGes = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinch:)];
    [self.imageView addGestureRecognizer:pinchGes];
}
- (void)pinch:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)pinchGes {
    //获取缩放比例
    CGFloat scale = pinchGes.scale;
    NSLog(@"scale = %f", scale);
    //缩放图片
    self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(self.imageView.transform, scale, scale);
    //初始化大小
    [pinchGes setScale:1];
}

手势的混合使用

默认情况下只能同时支持一种手势
若要同时支持多种手势，可以给要支持的手势设置代理，并实现以下代理方法

// 是否允许同时支持多个手势
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer  shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer {
 
    return YES;
}

手势冲突的解决

单机和双击区分

[singeTap requireGestureRecognizerToFail:doubleTap];

UIPanGestureRecognizer和UITapGestureRecognizer冲突

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer
{
    if ([gestureRecognizer isKindOfClass:[UIPanGestureRecognizer class]] && [otherGestureRecognizer isKindOfClass:[UITapGestureRecognizer class]]) {
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}

tableView添加手势，tableView父视图添加手势后区分

#pragma mark tapGestureRecgnizerdelegate 解决手势冲突
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldReceiveTouch:(UITouch *)touch {
if ([touch.view isKindOfClass:[UITableView class]]) {
 return NO;
}
if ([NSStringFromClass([touch.view class]) isEqualToString:@"UITableViewCellContentView"]) { 
return NO;
}
return YES;
}

scrollview和tableview嵌套，区分滚动代理

#pragma mark - scrollView delegate
- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {
if ([scrollView isKindOfClass:[UITableView class]]) {
 NSLog(@"UITableView"); 
} else {
 NSLog(@"UIScrollview");
 }
}

UIScrollView和子视图TableView的cell右滑冲突

继承UIScrollView的子类重写下面的方法即可

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldReceiveTouch:(UITouch *)touch {
 //NSLog(@"手势触发的类＝%@",NSStringFromClass([touch.view class]));
// 若为UITableViewCellContentView（即点击了tableViewCell），则不截获Touch事件
if ([NSStringFromClass([touch.view class])isEqualToString:@"UITableViewCellContentView"]) { 
return NO;
}return YES;
}
-(BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer{
// 若为UITableViewCellContentView（即点击了tableViewCell），则不截获Touch事件
if ([NSStringFromClass([gestureRecognizer.view class])isEqualToString:@"UITableViewCellContentView"]) { 
return NO;
}
return YES;
}

附

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iOS 7的手势滑动返回功能

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