CentOS6---软件安装随记

作者: 珍珠林 | 来源:发表于2017-06-10 12:21 被阅读0次

JDK

# 查看下Linux信息
uname -a
# 查看是否已安装jdk
java -version
# 安装jdk之前先看下gcc是否已安装
gcc
# 安装gcc
yum groupinstall "Developer Tools"
# 创建下载目录
mkdir /usr/local/download
# 下载官方rpm包后，上传上去，window用户可用lrzsz与linux传输文件
# 检查是否安装了lrzsz软件包
rpm -q lrzsz
# 如果没有安装，通过yum命令直接安装
yum install lrzsz
# 从Windows上传文件（根据提示输入相应的文件路径）
rz
# 查看一下文件权限，如果没有执行权限，需要增加执行权限
chmod u+x jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
# 安装
rpm -ivh jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm --prefix=/usr/local
# 添加环境变量 
vi /etc/profile
# 输入以下内容
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
# 让修改即可生效
source /etc/profile
# 验证是否安装成功
java -version

GitLab

# 在 Centos 6 和 7 系统上, 下面的命令将在系统防火墙里面开放HTTP和SSH端口
sudo yum install curl openssh-server openssh-clients postfix cronie
sudo service postfix start
sudo chkconfig postfix on
sudo lokkit -s http -s ssh
# 下载rpm包
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el6/gitlab-ce-9.2.5-ce.0.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 增加可执行权限
chmod u+x gitlab-ce-9.2.5-ce.0.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 安装
rpm -i gitlab-ce-9.2.5-ce.0.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 修改/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
vi /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
# 把external_url改成自己的ip
external_url  'http://git.example.com'
# 加载配置并启动
gitlab-ctl reconfigure
# 查看安装完成后程序运行情况
gitlab-ctl status

# 服务打开
sudo gitlab-ctl start
# 服务关闭
gitlab-ctl stop
# 服务重启
gitlab-ctl restart

Nexus

# 创建nexus软件目录
mkdir /usr/local/nexus
# 下载并上传到服务器后，解压
tar -zxvf nexus-2.12.0-01-bundle.tar.gz -C /usr/local/nexus
# 添加用户组
groupadd nexus
# 添加用户
useradd nexus -g nexus -d /usr/local/nexus -s /bin/sh
# 修改nexus用户密码
passwd nexus
# 修改归属
chown -R nexus: /usr/local/nexus/
# 修改nexus启动用户
vi /usr/local/nexus/nexus-2.12.0-01/bin/nexus
RUN_AS_USER=nexus
# 切到nexus用户
su nexus
# 启动nexus
./nexus start
# 默认登录账号admin admin123
# 手动下载索引
http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/.index/
nexus-maven-repository-index.gz
nexus-maven-repository-index.properties
indexer-cli-5.1.1.jar
# 将以上文件放在同一个目录，执行命令解压
java -jar indexer-cli-5.1.1.jar -u nexus-maven-repository-index.gz -d indexer
# 将解压后的indexer内文件拷贝到
{nexus-home}/sonatype-work/nexus/indexer/central-ctx
# 重启nexus

Maven

# 下载Maven
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.5.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# 添加环境变量 
vi /etc/profile
# 输入以下内容
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.0
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2_HOME/bin
# 让修改即可生效
source /etc/profile
# 验证是否安装成功
mvn -v

Git

# 安装编译git时需要的包
yum install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel
yum install  gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
# 下载git源码
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.9.4.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf git-2.9.4.tar.gz
# 编译安装
cd git-2.9.4
mkdir /usr/local/git
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/git
make clean
make
make install
# 添加环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# 输入一下内容
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin
# 让修改即可生效
source /etc/profile
# 检查
git --version

Jenkins

# 下载jenkins
wget https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins-2.7.4-1.1.noarch.rpm
# 安装（默认安装在/var/lib下）
rpm -ivh jenkins-2.7.4-1.1.noarch.rpm
# 修改端口
vi /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
JENKINS_PORT="9999"
# 重启jenkins
service jenkins restart

首次访问将会在/var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword密码文件，登录后可以设置首个用户账号和密码

MySql

# 查看mysql是否安装了
rpm -qa | grep mysql
# 卸载mysql
yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
# 下载mysql
# 测试是否可以被安装
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm --test
# 安装mysql
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-server –y
# 初始化mysql数据库
service mysqld start
# 查看是否开机启动
chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
# 设置开机启动
chkconfig mysqld on
# 相关目录
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/etc/my.cnf 
/var/lib/mysql
/var/log/mysqld.log
/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# 修改密码
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop或者service mysqld stop
mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
mysql -u root mysql
mysql> UPDATE user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD('Passwd#1986') where USER='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
service mysqld restart
mysql -uroot -p
# 允许远程登录
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql> select host, user from user;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
# 如果远程还连不上。可能是防火墙的原因
# 查看防火墙信息
/etc/init.d/iptables status
#如果防火墙是开着的，让防火墙开放3306
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
#重启防火墙以便改动生效
/etc/init.d/iptables restart
#将更改进行保存
/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
# 如果远程还是连不上，再按下面的试试
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
bind-address=0.0.0.0
# 重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart
# 查看字符集
show VARIABLES like 'collation_%';
show VARIABLES like 'character_set_%';
# 修改字符集
vi /etc/my.cnf
# 增加以下内容
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql.server]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld-safe]
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

MyCat

# 下载Mycat安装包
wget https://github.com/MyCATApache/Mycat-download/blob/master/1.6-RELEASE/Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# 修改环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# 在某位增加
export MYCAT_HOME=/usr/local/mycat
export PATH=原有内容:$MYCAT_HOME/bin
# 让修改立即生效
source /etc/profile
# mysql修改my.cnf忽略大小写
[mysqld]
lower_case_table_names=1
# mycat指定字符集
vi /usr/local/mycat/conf/server.xml
在system标签下指定
<property name="charset">utf8mb4</property>
然后根据数据库端的字符集ID配置mycat的字符集序列：
配置conf/index_to_charset.properties
对应为字符集ID=字符集
比如45=utf8mb4
serverPort设置mycat的服务端口,默认为8066;
managerPort设置mycat的管理端口,默认为9066;
# 启动mycat
./mycat start
# 内存不足
vi wrapper.conf
wrapper.java.additional.10=-Xmx4G  
wrapper.java.additional.11=-Xms1G  
改为：  
wrapper.java.additional.10=-Xmx512M  
wrapper.java.additional.11=-Xms64M
# 添加本地主机名解析
192.168.0.121 node1
# 配置conf/server.xml
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    
    <system>
        <property name="charset">utf8mb4</property>
        <property name="defaultSqlParser">druidparser</property>
        <property name="serverPort">8066</property>
        <property name="managerPort">9066</property>
    </system>

    <user name="root">
        <property name="password">123456</property>
        <property name="schemas">skynet</property>
    </user>

</mycat:server>
# 配置conf/schema.xml
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    
    <schema name="skynet" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="2000">
        <table name="skynet_org" dataNode="skynet-dn"/>
        <table name="skynet_member" dataNode="skynet-dn$0-15" rule="org-mod-long"/>
    </schema>    

    <dataNode name="skynet-dn" dataHost="host0" database="skynet"/>
    <dataNode name="skynet-dn$0-15" dataHost="host0" database="skynet_$0-15"/>

    <dataHost name="host0" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <writeHost host="node1" url="172.16.77.246:3306" user="root" password="Passwd#1986"/>
    </dataHost>

</mycat:schema>
# 配置rule.xml
 <tableRule name="org-mod-long">
     <rule>
         <columns>org_id</columns>
         <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
     </rule>
 </tableRule>

Nginx

准备工作

Nginx的安装依赖于以下三个包，意思就是在安装Nginx之前首先必须安装一下的三个包：
1 SSL功能需要openssl库，下载地址：http://www.openssl.org/
2 gzip模块需要zlib库，下载地址：http://www.zlib.net/
3 rewrite模块需要pcre库，下载地址：http://www.pcre.org/
Nginx的安装包：下载地址为：http://nginx.org/en/download.html
将上面下载的几个软件全部使用Xftp上传到Linux系统中

安装SSL功能需要openssl库

tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.2l.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.0.2l
./config
make
make install

安装gzip模块需要zlib库

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure
make
make install

安装 rewrite模块需要pcre库

tar -zxvf pcre-8.40.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.40
./configure
make
make install

error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support，看到这句话我们就已经猜到了应该是c++包信息，而linux中没有，那么首先安装一下这个包信息即可，安装命令为：

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

当安装完上面的c++包之后，再次运行，发现消息已经显示安装成功了，当基于上面的东西全部安装完成之后，就需要安装Nginx了。

安装Nginx

tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=../pcre-8.40/ 
--with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.11/ --with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.2l/
make
make install

检查Nginx是否安装成功

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx -t
# 启动nginx
./nginx
# nginx默认80端口，注意防火墙要开放80端口

设置Nginx开机启动

vi /etc/init.d/nginx
chmod 755 nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
service nginx stop
service nginx start
service nginx restart
chkconfig --list nginx

/etc/init.d/nginx的代码如下：

#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
#              It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
   echo "nginx already running...."
   exit 1
fi
   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
   RETVAL=$?
   echo
   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
   return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
        killproc $nginxd
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
    killproc $nginxd -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
        start
        ;;
stop)
        stop
        ;;
reload)
        reload
        ;;
restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
status)
        status $prog
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
*)
        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
        exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL

Redis

# 下载redis
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.9.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf redis-3.2.9.tar.gz
# 编译
cd redis-3.2.9
make
make install
# 将/usr/local/bin目录加到环境变量
export PATH=...:/usr/local/bin
# 立即生效
source /etc/profile
# 创建配置文件目录，dump file 目录，进程pid目录，log目录等
cd /etc
mkdir redis
# dump file、进程pid、log目录等，一般放在/var/目录下
cd /var/
mkdir redis
cd redis
mkdir data log run
# 修改配置文件，配置参数
# 首先拷贝解压包下的redis.conf文件至/etc/redis
cp redis.conf /etc/redis
# vi /etc/redis/redis.conf
# 修改port（默认6379）
port 6379
# 修改pid目录为新建目录
pidfile /var/redis/run/redis.pid
# 修改dump目录为新建目录
dir /var/redis/data
# 修改log存储目录为新建目录
logfile /var/redis/log/redis.log
# 持久化。默认rdb，可选择是否开启aof，若开启，修改配置文件appendonly
# 启动redis
redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
# 查看dump, log, pid等
cd /var/redis/data
ll
cd /var/redis/log
ll
cd /var/redis/run
# 发现只有日志，没有dump和pid信息，是因为redis服务是console模式运行的，且没有数据存储操作
# 停止redis服务，修改配置文件使得redis在background运行
daemonize yes
# 重启redis服务
redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
# 服务开机自启动
# 拷贝解压包下utils下redis启动脚本至/etc/init.d/
cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/
# 修改脚本名称(也可不修改)为redis
# 修改脚本pid及conf路径为实际路径
REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/redis/run/redis.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/redis.conf"
# 生产环境下，配置时，配置文件、pid等最好加上端口标识，以便区分
PIDFILE=/var/redis/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/redis_${REDISPORT}.conf"
# 至此，在/etc/init.d/目录下，已经可以通过service redis start/stop 命令启动和关闭redis
# 设置自启动
chkconfig redis on
# 如果运行报错，提示 service redis does not support chkconfig。/etc/init.d/redis脚本加入
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
#
# description: Redis is a persistent key-value database
# 再次执行chkconfig redis on，成功

Zookeeper

# 下载
# wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo_cfg
# 创建目录
mkdir /var/zookeeper/data
mkdir /var/zookeeper/logs
#  创建myid文件（内容写入1就可以）
cd /var/zookeeper/data
vi myid
# 修改配置
vi zoo_cfg
# 调整内容
dataDir=/var/zookeeper/data
dataLogDir=/var/zookeeper/logs
server.1=hostname:2888:38888
# 配置环境变量
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10
export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
# 启动
zkServer.sh start
# 输入jps查看进程
1573 QuorumPeerMain
1654 Jps
# QuorumPeerMain是zookeeper进程，启动正常
# 查看状态
zkServer.sh status
# 启动客户端脚本
zkCli.sh -server ip:2181
# 停止zookeeper
zkServer.sh stop

dubbo-admin-2.5.4（要求jdk7。jdk8启动dubbo-admin会出错）

# 先要安装tomcat
# 下载tomcat7
wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.78/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.78.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.78.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# 如果tomcat的默认8080端口已被其他程序占用，可以在/conf/server.xml里修改为其他端口
# 配置tomcat管理员账号,在/conf/tomcat-users.xml下配置：
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-script"/>
<role rolename="manager-jmx"/>
<role rolename="manager-status"/>
<user username="admin" password="admin123" 
    roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status"/>
# 部署dubbo-admin
# 进入tomcat的webapps目录
cd webapps
# 上传dubbo-admin-2.5.4-SNAPSHOT.war
# 启动tomcat
cd ..
cd bin
./startup.sh
# 访问dubbo控制台
http://localhost:8080/dubbo-admin-2.5.4-SNAPSHOT/

CentOS6---软件安装随记

JDK

GitLab

Nexus

Maven

Git

Jenkins

MySql

MyCat

Nginx

Redis

Zookeeper

dubbo-admin-2.5.4（要求jdk7。jdk8启动dubbo-admin会出错）

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