极客时间的吕老师Django课程的学习笔记

模板文件夹

创建base模板页

$mkdir templates
$cd templates/
$vi base.html

<!-- base.html -->

<h1 style="margin:auto;width:50%;">公司开放职位</h1>

<p></p>

{% block content %}
{% endblock %}

创建列表页

创建模板

(Django) 10:21 luohb@Studynode:~/Django/recruitment/jobs/templates 
$ls
base.html  joblist.html
(Django) 10:22 luohb@Studynode:~/Django/recruitment/jobs/templates 
$cat joblist.html 
{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block content %}
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{% if job_list %}
    <ul>
    {% for job in job_list %}
        <li>{{job.type_name}} <a href="/job/{{ job.id }}/" style="color:blue">{{ job.job_name }}</a> {{ job.city_name }} </li>
    {% endfor %}
    </ul>
{% else %}
    <p>No jobs are available.</a>
{% endif %}
    
{% endblock %}

在视图层中加入自定义的页面

View.py是将model渲染出来的环节

可以函数定义，也能用视图的类去定义
1. 用函数定义

$cat jobs/views.py 
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader

from jobs.models import Job
from jobs.models import Cities, JobTypes

# Create your views here.
def joblist(request):
    job_list = Job.objects.order_by('job_type') #从模型的object数据库里面获取，按职位类别排序
    #加载模板
    template = loader.get_template('joblist.html') #用模板的加载器加载
    #定义上下文
    context = {'job_list':job_list}
    
    for job in job_list:
        job.city_name = Cities[job.job_city][1]
        job.job_type = JobTypes[job.job_type][1]
    
    return HttpResponse(template.render(context))   #将上下文展现给用户

在jobs应用中定义joblist的访问路径

$cat jobs/urls.py 
from django.conf.urls import url
from jobs import views

urlpatterns = [
    # 职位列表 定义URL路径的映射
    url(r"^joblist/", views.joblist, name="Joblist")  #若访问的url以joblist为开头，则跳转到views.joblist
    
]

在整个工程中定义joblist的访问路径

$cat recruitment/urls.py 
"""recruitment URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^", include("jobs.urls")),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

创建详情页

浅谈Django基础（HttpResponse、render、redirect）

创建模板

(Django) 16:47 luohb@Studynode:~/Django/recruitment 
$cat jobs/templates/job.html
{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block content %}

<div style="margin:auto; width:50%;">

<a href="/joblist" style="color:blue">返回职位列表</a><p></p>

{% if job %}
    <div class="position_name">
        <h2>岗位名称: {{job.job_name}}</h2>
    
        城市:
        {{job.city_name}}<p></p>
    </div>
    <hr>
    <div class="position_responsibility", style="width:600px;">
        <h3>职位职责</h3>
        <pre style="font-size:16px">{{job.job_responsibility}}
        </pre>
        <p></p>
    </div><br>

    <hr>
    <div class="position_requirement" style="width:600px;">
        <h3>任职要求</h3>
        <pre style="font-size:16px">{{job.job_requirement}}
        </pre>
    </div>
    
    <br>

    <div class="apply_position">
        <input type="button" style="width:120px;background-color:lightblue;" value="申请"/>
    </div>
{% else %}
    <p>职位不存在</p>
{% endif %}


</div>
{% endblock %}

在视图中加入该模板进行渲染

(Django) 16:47 luohb@Studynode:~/Django/recruitment 
$cat jobs/views.py 
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader
from django.http import Http404
from jobs.models import Job
from jobs.models import Cities, JobTypes

# Create your views here.
def joblist(request):
    job_list = Job.objects.order_by('job_type') #从模型的object数据库里面获取，按职位类别排序
    #加载模板
    template = loader.get_template('joblist.html') #用模板的加载器加载
    #定义上下文
    context = {'job_list':job_list}
    
    for job in job_list:
        job.city_name = Cities[job.job_city][1]
        job.job_type = JobTypes[job.job_type][1]
    
    return HttpResponse(template.render(context))   #将上下文展现给用户

def detail(request, job_id):
    try:
        job = Job.objects.get(pk=job_id)
        job.city_name = Cities[job.job_city][1]
        #job.job_type = JobTypes[job.job_type][1]
    except Job.DoesNotExist:
        raise Http404("Job does not exist")
    
    return render(request, 'job.html', {'job':job}) #传值给view层

在应用url中注册该视图（定义访问地址）

(Django) 16:48 luohb@Studynode:~/Django/recruitment 
$cat jobs/urls.py 
from django.conf.urls import url
from jobs import views

urlpatterns = [
    # 职位列表 定义URL路径的映射
    url(r"^joblist/", views.joblist, name="Joblist"),  #若访问的url以joblist为开头，则跳转到views.joblist
    url(r"^job/(?P<job_id>\d+)/$", views.detail, name="detail"),
]

启动服务，查看效果

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