llvm 工具牛刀小试
- 编写hello.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
printf("hello world\n");
}
- 将C文件编译为本机可执行文件,执行clang 命令如下:
$ clang hello.c -o hello
PS: Clang为LLVM提供的C语言编译器,默认参数可以生成本机可执行的二进制程序。-S和-c参数与GCC一样,可分别生成.s汇编文件与.o目标文件。
- 将C文件编译为LLVM bitcode 文件, 执行如下如下命令
$ clang -o3 -emit-llvm hello.c -c -o hello.bc
$ clang -o3 -emit-llvm hello.c -S -o hello.ll
.ll 文件 llvm bitcode 的可读文本 .bc 是bitcode的二进制格式
- 两种形式运行程序
$./hello
hello world
$./lli hello.bc
hello world
5.llvm-dis 工具反汇编llvm bitcode 文件, 可以将bc文件的内容以刻度文本形式进行展示
$ ./llvm-dis < hello.bc
; ModuleID = '<stdin>'
source_filename = "hello.c"
target datalayout = "e-m:o-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-apple-macosx10.12.0"
@str = private unnamed_addr constant [12 x i8] c"hello world\00"
; Function Attrs: nounwind ssp uwtable
define i32 @main() local_unnamed_addr #0 {
%1 = tail call i32 @puts(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([12 x i8], [12 x i8]* @str, i64 0, i64 0))
ret i32 0
}
; Function Attrs: nounwind
declare i32 @puts(i8* nocapture readonly) local_unnamed_addr #1
attributes #0 = { nounwind ssp uwtable "correctly-rounded-divide-sqrt-fp-math"="false" "disable-tail-calls"="false" "less-precise-fpmad"="false" "no-frame-pointer-elim"="true" "no-frame-pointer-elim-non-leaf" "no-infs-fp-math"="false" "no-jump-tables"="false" "no-nans-fp-math"="false" "no-signed-zeros-fp-math"="false" "no-trapping-math"="false" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="penryn" "target-features"="+cx16,+fxsr,+mmx,+sahf,+sse,+sse2,+sse3,+sse4.1,+ssse3,+x87" "unsafe-fp-math"="false" "use-soft-float"="false" }
attributes #1 = { nounwind }
!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1}
!llvm.ident = !{!2}
!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 7, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{!"clang version 7.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_700/final)"}
- llc 代码生成器将程序编译为本机CPU架构的汇编指令
$ ./llc hello.bc -o hello.s
$ cat hello.s
.section __TEXT,__text,regular,pure_instructions
.macosx_version_min 10, 12
.globl _main ## -- Begin function main
.p2align 4, 0x90
_main: ## @main
.cfi_startproc
## %bb.0:
pushq %rbp
.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
.cfi_offset %rbp, -16
movq %rsp, %rbp
.cfi_def_cfa_register %rbp
leaq L_str(%rip), %rdi
callq _puts
xorl %eax, %eax
popq %rbp
retq
.cfi_endproc
## -- End function
.section __TEXT,__cstring,cstring_literals
L_str: ## @str
.asciz "hello world"
.subsections_via_symbols
- 将本机的汇编语言文件编译成程序,使用gcc 命令直接编译:
$ gcc hello.s -o hello.native
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