1、手工交互数据
[root@Server ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.17 5a8dfb2ca731 24 hours ago 127MB
debian 10.3 378ca4b1d2fe 31 hours ago 114MB
centos 8.1.1911 470671670cac 3 months ago 237MB
centos 7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 5 months ago 204MB
[root@Server ~]# docker container run -d --name "nginx01" -p 80:80 nginx:1.17
a32f8fcf3fbdd3b04c47b845cfa9d29cb4b2523352b316407d412028df6393be
[root@Server ~]# docker container exec -it nginx01 /bin/bash
root@a32f8fcf3fbd:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
root@a32f8fcf3fbd:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls
50x.html index.html
[root@Server ~]# mkdir /opt/html
[root@Server ~]# docker container cp nginx01:/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /opt/html/
[root@Server ~]# vi /opt/html/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to Kevin!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Kevin!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
复制文件之前的访问界面
[root@Server ~]# docker container cp /opt/html/index.html nginx01:/usr/share/nginx/html/
复制文件之后的访问界面
2、数据卷目录
作用：实现宿主机和容器之间的数据共享，数据持久化
[root@Server ~]# docker run -d --name "nginx02" -p 81:80 -v /opt/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:1.17
56d64d7395e9faf365c2255464db561564efee48a3e0ccb6b63dfa8c65e8b19b
[root@Server ~]# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
56d64d7395e9 nginx:1.17 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp nginx02
a32f8fcf3fbd nginx:1.17 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 hours ago Up 4 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx01
[root@Server ~]# docker container inspect nginx02
[
{
"Id": "e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2",
"Created": "2020-04-17T13:45:57.748879716Z",
"Path": "nginx",
"Args": [
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 21448,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2020-04-17T13:45:59.095618047Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5a8dfb2ca7312ee39433331b11d92f45bb19d7809f7c0ff19e1d01a2c131e959",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2/e086dfdfb77e0eb11361c5ea52edda8ce30c74c0b5a361006fc0a7b625486cd2-json.log",
"Name": "/nginx02",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/opt/html:/usr/share/nginx/html"
],
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "81"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Capabilities": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d34f22469b1bf37f68b69cfd707918a2ae5ddf2b639d1f8147b7d50247d5d9a1-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0c22fab2a8d719ad451addd652df0d990262be5759b0b19192688f0472c497c8/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/15b6f7757b927cb157fa21855214d16b47f7f35fe45f33f002c56c52a652fd21/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a0cb43e1ab97f722d9fd56439c3e69637f924b23f8402740dcd32fd5fc9be590/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d34f22469b1bf37f68b69cfd707918a2ae5ddf2b639d1f8147b7d50247d5d9a1/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d34f22469b1bf37f68b69cfd707918a2ae5ddf2b639d1f8147b7d50247d5d9a1/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d34f22469b1bf37f68b69cfd707918a2ae5ddf2b639d1f8147b7d50247d5d9a1/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "bind",
"Source": "/opt/html",
"Destination": "/usr/share/nginx/html",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": "rprivate"
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "e086dfdfb77e",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.17.9",
"NJS_VERSION=0.3.9",
"PKG_RELEASE=1~buster"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"Image": "nginx:1.17",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGTERM"
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "22bad10e33a88c304e772388467d5e04d4a5b4cafad040aada09457c574712b4",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "81"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/22bad10e33a8",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "505af95540bcba9d314cef57ab02500105d6196e8e6ba8a67891d61de49398a7",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "6cd0c524350127caafa9b2c1394aa25333836dd8e91d3040066b763fabdc4f65",
"EndpointID": "505af95540bcba9d314cef57ab02500105d6196e8e6ba8a67891d61de49398a7",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
[root@Server ~]# vi /opt/html/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to Kevin's home!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Kevin's home!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@Server ~]# docker run -d --name "nginx03" -p 82:80 -v /opt/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:1.17
5c7bb2b9c5d4297ec61d4ced4681296d5bd4fcb7489dab1be1ebb9a2ebdb6d21
[root@Server ~]# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5c7bb2b9c5d4 nginx:1.17 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:82->80/tcp nginx03
56d64d7395e9 nginx:1.17 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp nginx02
a32f8fcf3fbd nginx:1.17 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 hours ago Up 4 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx01
[root@Server ~]# vi /opt/html/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to My home!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to My home!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
3、数据卷容器
作用：实现宿主机和容器之间的数据共享，数据持久化；在集中管理集群中，大批量的容器都需要挂载相同的多个数据卷时，可以采用数据卷容器进行统一管理。
[root@Server ~]# mkdir /opt/config/
[root@Server ~]# docker container cp nginx01:/etc/nginx /opt/config/
[root@Server ~]# docker run -it --name "nginx_volumes" -v /opt/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /opt/config/nginx:/etc/nginx centos:8.1.1911 /bin/bash
[root@7bc917a9b4a7 /]#
[root@1664a5e9e207 /]# ls /usr/share/nginx/html/
index.html
[root@1664a5e9e207 /]# ls /etc/nginx/
conf.d koi-utf mime.types nginx.conf uwsgi_params
fastcgi_params koi-win modules scgi_params win-utf
[root@Server ~]# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1664a5e9e207 centos:8.1.1911 "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute nginx_volumes
[root@Server ~]# docker container run -d -p 81:80 --volumes-from nginx_volumes --name "nginx01" nginx:1.17
9e309c49760c0e5415e8d0ff5e377484327f811d2c5a70700c62af9b942b425c
[root@Server ~]# docker container run -d -p 82:80 --volumes-from nginx_volumes --name "nginx02" nginx:1.17
1384e559267f1c904137418c36255bfd9cef48ce7188162b7393528462ea990b
[root@Server ~]# vi /opt/html/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to Docker!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Docker!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
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