本系列文档分析LibRTMP源码,所用源码位于GitHubLibrtmp for Android & iOS,应该不是最新的LibRTMP源码,对于学习是够用的。
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文件:parseurl.c
函数调用关系:
RTMP_ParseURL
---- RTMP_ParsePlaypath
1、分析RTMP_ParseURL
函数定义:
int RTMP_ParseURL(const char *url,
int *protocol,
AVal *host,
unsigned int *port,
AVal *playpath,
AVal *app)
URL的组成格式为:[协议]://[主机名]:[端口]/文件路径?[键]:[值]
RTMP URL的格式为:
rtmp://host[:port]/app[/appinstance][/...]
application = app[/appinstance]
1.1、解析协议
1.1.1、源码
char *p, *end, *col, *ques, *slash;
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "Parsing...");
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMP;
*port = 0;
playpath->av_len = 0;
playpath->av_val = NULL;
app->av_len = 0;
app->av_val = NULL;
/* Old School Parsing */
/* look for usual :// pattern */
p = strstr(url, "://");
if (!p) {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGERROR, "RTMP URL: No :// in url!");
return FALSE;
}
{
int len = (int) (p - url);
if (len == 4 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmp", 4) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMP;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpt", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPT;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmps", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPS;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpe", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPE;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmfp", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMFP;
else if (len == 6 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpte", 6) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTE;
else if (len == 6 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpts", 6) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTS;
else {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "Unknown protocol!\n");
goto parsehost;
}
}
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "Parsed protocol: %d", *protocol);
1.1.2、流程分析
- 找出
://
所在位置。找不到则报错:RTMP URL: No :// in url!。 - 若找到,则p为
:
在URL字符串中的位置。 -
int len = (int) (p - url)
得到://
前面字符串的长度,即协议的长度。 - 判断协议。使用
strncasecmp
以忽略字符串大小写方式进行比较。 - 对于以
://
开头的URL,默认为RTMP协议。
1.1.3、验证
抽取如下代码并执行。
#define RTMP_FEATURE_HTTP 0x01
#define RTMP_FEATURE_ENC 0x02
#define RTMP_FEATURE_SSL 0x04
#define RTMP_FEATURE_MFP 0x08 /* not yet supported */
#define RTMP_FEATURE_WRITE 0x10 /* publish, not play */
#define RTMP_FEATURE_HTTP2 0x20 /* server-side rtmpt */
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED -1
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMP 0
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPE RTMP_FEATURE_ENC
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPT RTMP_FEATURE_HTTP
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPS RTMP_FEATURE_SSL
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTE (RTMP_FEATURE_HTTP|RTMP_FEATURE_ENC)
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTS (RTMP_FEATURE_HTTP|RTMP_FEATURE_SSL)
#define RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMFP RTMP_FEATURE_MFP
char *p;
int ptl, *protocol = &ptl;
char *url = "rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks";
p = strstr(url, "://");
if (!p) {
printf("RTMP URL: No :// in url!");
return FALSE;
}
{
int len = (int) (p - url);
if (len == 4 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmp", 4) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMP;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpt", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPT;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmps", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPS;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpe", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPE;
else if (len == 5 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmfp", 5) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMFP;
else if (len == 6 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpte", 6) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTE;
else if (len == 6 && strncasecmp(url, "rtmpts", 6) == 0)
*protocol = RTMP_PROTOCOL_RTMPTS;
else {
printf("Unknown protocol!\n");
}
}
printf("Parsed protocol: %d", *protocol);
运行:
输入:url | 输出:protocol |
---|---|
"rtmptslive.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks" | RTMP URL: No :// in url! |
"rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks" | Parsed protocol: 0 |
"://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks" | Unknown protocol! |
Parsed protocol: 0 | |
"rtmpts://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks" | Parsed protocol: 5 |
协议解析结束,开始解析主机。
1.2、解析主机
1.2.1、源码
parsehost:
/* let's get the hostname */
p += 3;
/* check for sudden death */
if (*p == 0) {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "No hostname in URL!");
return FALSE;
}
end = p + strlen(p);
col = strchr(p, ':');
ques = strchr(p, '?');
slash = strchr(p, '/');
{
int hostlen;
if (slash)
hostlen = slash - p;
else
hostlen = end - p;
if (col && col - p < hostlen)
hostlen = col - p;
if (hostlen < 256) {
host->av_val = p;
host->av_len = hostlen;
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "Parsed host : %.*s", hostlen, host->av_val);
} else {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "Hostname exceeds 255 characters!");
}
p += hostlen;
}
1.2.2、流程分析
- 如果主机为空,则报错No hostname in URL!。
-
end = p + strlen(p);
由p后移三个位置,跳过://
且位于主机字符串起始点。由strlen(p)
计算出剩余字符串长度并加上起始位置,得到整个URL字符串的终点位置。 - 跟紧主机字符串结尾的
/
和:
字符不算在主机字符串长度内。如果只有路径,无端口,则主机字符串的长度 = 路径字符串的起始位置 - 主机字符串的起始位置。如果指定了端口,则主机字符串的长度 = 路径字符串的起始位置 - 主机字符串的起始位置。 - 由3得到的主机字符串若超过255个字符,则警告Hostname exceeds 255 characters!。
1.2.3、验证
抽取如下代码并执行。
/* let's get the hostname */
p += 3;
/* check for sudden death */
if (*p == 0) {
printf("No hostname in URL!\n");
return FALSE;
}
end = p + strlen(p);
printf("url length = %lu, p = %p, p length = %lu, end = %p\n", strlen(url), p, strlen(p), end);
col = strchr(p, ':');
ques = strchr(p, '?');
slash = strchr(p, '/');
printf("port = %s\nques = %s\nslash = %s\n", col, ques, slash);
{
int hostlen;
if (slash)
hostlen = slash - p;
else
hostlen = end - p;
if (col && col - p < hostlen)
hostlen = col - p;
if (hostlen < 256) {
printf("Parsed host : %.*s\n", hostlen, p);
} else {
printf("Hostname exceeds 255 characters!");
}
p += hostlen;
}
运行:
输入:URL | 输出:host |
---|---|
"rTmPe://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/live/hks" | live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com |
"rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com:2000/cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010" | live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com |
其中,对于输入URL
"rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com:2000/cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010"
printf("url length = %lu, p = %p, p length = %lu, end = %p\n", strlen(url), p, strlen(p), end);
输出
url length = 68, p = 0x10d915e3a, p length = 61, end = 0x10d915e77
可验证end为URL字符串末尾。
port = :2000/cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010
ques = ?e=1&starttime=000010
slash = /cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010
即strchr
找出指定字符首次出现位置的指针。
主机解析结束,开始解析端口号、应用程序名或播放路径。
1.3、解析端口号
1、源码
/* get the port number if available */
if (*p == ':') {
unsigned int p2;
p++;
p2 = atoi(p);
if (p2 > 65535) {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "Invalid port number!");
} else {
*port = p2;
}
}
if (!slash) {
RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "No application or playpath in URL!");
return TRUE;
}
p = slash + 1;
2、分析
如果p指向:
字符,atoi
持续读取字符,直到非数字字符为止,并将已读取的数值当成十进制处理,如
int i;
char *buffer = "31273a";
i = atoi (buffer);
printf ("The value entered is %d. Its double is %d.\n",i,i*2);
输出:The value entered is 31273. Its double is 62546.
3、验证
unsigned int prt, *port = &prt;
/* get the port number if available */
if (*p == ':') {
unsigned int p2;
p++;
p2 = atoi(p);
if (p2 > 65535) {
printf("Invalid port number!");
} else {
*port = p2;
printf("port = %u", *port);
}
} else {
printf("port does not exists.\n");
}
输入:URL | 输出:port |
---|---|
"rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com:2000/cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010" | 2000 |
"rtmp://live.hkstv.hk.lxdns.com/cardhouse/s3?e=1&starttime=000010" | 无 |
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