CoreGraphic框架解析（二十三） —— Gradien

作者: 刀客传奇 | 来源:发表于2020-07-29 18:12 被阅读0次

版本记录

版本号	时间
V1.0	2020.07.29 星期三

前言

quartz是一个通用的术语，用于描述在iOS和MAC OS X 中整个媒体层用到的多种技术包括图形、动画、音频、适配。Quart 2D 是一组二维绘图和渲染API，Core Graphic会使用到这组API，Quartz Core专指Core Animation用到的动画相关的库、API和类。CoreGraphics 是UIKit下的主要绘图系统，频繁的用于绘制自定义视图。Core Graphics是高度集成于UIView和其他UIKit部分的。Core Graphics数据结构和函数可以通过前缀CG来识别。在app中很多时候绘图等操作我们要利用CoreGraphic框架，它能绘制字符串、图形、渐变色等等，是一个很强大的工具。感兴趣的可以看我另外几篇。
1. CoreGraphic框架解析（一）—— 基本概览
 2. CoreGraphic框架解析（二）—— 基本使用
 3. CoreGraphic框架解析（三）—— 类波浪线的实现
 4. CoreGraphic框架解析（四）—— 基本架构补充
 5. CoreGraphic框架解析（五）—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例（一）
6. CoreGraphic框架解析（六）—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例（二）
7. CoreGraphic框架解析（七）—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例（三）
8. CoreGraphic框架解析（八）—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例（四）
9. CoreGraphic框架解析（九）—— 一个简单小游戏（一）
10. CoreGraphic框架解析（十）—— 一个简单小游戏（二）
11. CoreGraphic框架解析（十一）—— 一个简单小游戏（三）
12. CoreGraphic框架解析（十二）—— Shadows 和 Gloss （一）
13. CoreGraphic框架解析（十三）—— Shadows 和 Gloss （二）
14. CoreGraphic框架解析（十四）—— Arcs 和 Paths （一）
15. CoreGraphic框架解析（十五）—— Arcs 和 Paths （二）
16. CoreGraphic框架解析（十六）—— Lines, Rectangles 和 Gradients （一）
17. CoreGraphic框架解析（十七）—— Lines, Rectangles 和 Gradients （二）
18. CoreGraphic框架解析（十八） —— 如何制作Glossy效果的按钮（一）
19. CoreGraphic框架解析（十九） —— 如何制作Glossy效果的按钮（二）
20. CoreGraphic框架解析（二十） —— Curves and Layers（一）
21. CoreGraphic框架解析（二十一） —— Curves and Layers（二）
22. CoreGraphic框架解析（二十二） —— Gradients 和 Contexts的简单示例（一）

源码

1. Swift

首先看下代码组织结构

接着，看下sb中的内容

下面就是源码了

1. ViewController.swift

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
  // Counter outlets
  @IBOutlet weak var counterView: CounterView!
  @IBOutlet weak var counterLabel: UILabel!

  @IBOutlet weak var containerView: UIView!
  @IBOutlet weak var graphView: GraphView!

  // Label outlets
  @IBOutlet weak var averageWaterDrunk: UILabel!
  @IBOutlet weak var maxLabel: UILabel!
  @IBOutlet weak var stackView: UIStackView!

  var isGraphViewShowing = false

  @IBAction func pushButtonPressed(_ button: PushButton) {
    if button.isAddButton {
      counterView.counter += 1
    } else {
      if counterView.counter > 0 {
        counterView.counter -= 1
      }
    }
    counterLabel.text = String(counterView.counter)

    if isGraphViewShowing {
      counterViewTap(nil)
    }
  }

  @IBAction func counterViewTap(_ gesture: UITapGestureRecognizer?) {
    if isGraphViewShowing {
      UIView.transition(
        from: graphView,
        to: counterView,
        duration: 1.0,
        options: [.transitionFlipFromLeft, .showHideTransitionViews],
        completion: nil
      )
    } else {
      setupGraphDisplay()
      UIView.transition(
        from: counterView,
        to: graphView,
        duration: 1.0,
        options: [.transitionFlipFromRight, .showHideTransitionViews],
        completion: nil
      )
    }
    isGraphViewShowing.toggle()
  }

  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    counterLabel.text = String(counterView.counter)
  }

  func setupGraphDisplay() {
    let maxDayIndex = stackView.arrangedSubviews.count - 1

    graphView.graphPoints[graphView.graphPoints.count - 1] = counterView.counter
    graphView.setNeedsDisplay()
    maxLabel.text = "\(graphView.graphPoints.max() ?? 0)"

    let average = graphView.graphPoints.reduce(0, +) / graphView.graphPoints.count
    averageWaterDrunk.text = "\(average)"

    let today = Date()
    let calendar = Calendar.current

    let formatter = DateFormatter()
    formatter.setLocalizedDateFormatFromTemplate("EEEEE")

    for i in (0...maxDayIndex) {
      if let date = calendar.date(byAdding: .day, value: -i, to: today),
        let label = stackView.arrangedSubviews[maxDayIndex - i] as? UILabel {
        label.text = formatter.string(from: date)
      }
    }
  }
}

2. PushButton.swift

import UIKit

@IBDesignable
class PushButton: UIButton {
  private enum Constants {
    static let plusLineWidth: CGFloat = 3.0
    static let plusButtonScale: CGFloat = 0.6
    static let halfPointShift: CGFloat = 0.5
  }

  private var halfWidth: CGFloat {
    return bounds.width / 2
  }

  private var halfHeight: CGFloat {
    return bounds.height / 2
  }

  @IBInspectable var fillColor: UIColor = .green
  @IBInspectable var isAddButton: Bool = true

  override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
    let path = UIBezierPath(ovalIn: rect)
    fillColor.setFill()
    path.fill()

    let plusWidth = min(bounds.width, bounds.height) * Constants.plusButtonScale
    let halfPlusWidth = plusWidth / 2

    let plusPath = UIBezierPath()

    plusPath.lineWidth = Constants.plusLineWidth

    plusPath.move(to: CGPoint(
      x: halfWidth - halfPlusWidth + Constants.halfPointShift,
      y: halfHeight + Constants.halfPointShift))

    plusPath.addLine(to: CGPoint(
      x: halfWidth + halfPlusWidth + Constants.halfPointShift,
      y: halfHeight + Constants.halfPointShift))

    if isAddButton {
      plusPath.move(to: CGPoint(
        x: halfWidth + Constants.halfPointShift,
        y: halfHeight - halfPlusWidth + Constants.halfPointShift))

      plusPath.addLine(to: CGPoint(
        x: halfWidth + Constants.halfPointShift,
        y: halfHeight + halfPlusWidth + Constants.halfPointShift))
    }

    UIColor.white.setStroke()

    plusPath.stroke()
  }
}

3. CounterView.swift

import UIKit

@IBDesignable
class CounterView: UIView {
  private enum Constants {
    static let numberOfGlasses = 8
    static let lineWidth: CGFloat = 5.0
    static let arcWidth: CGFloat = 76

    static var halfOfLineWidth: CGFloat {
      return lineWidth / 2
    }
  }

  @IBInspectable var counter: Int = 5 {
    didSet {
      if counter <= Constants.numberOfGlasses {
        setNeedsDisplay()
      }
    }
  }
  @IBInspectable var outlineColor: UIColor = UIColor.blue
  @IBInspectable var counterColor: UIColor = UIColor.orange

  override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
    let center = CGPoint(x: bounds.width / 2, y: bounds.height / 2)

    let radius = max(bounds.width, bounds.height)

    let startAngle: CGFloat = 3 * .pi / 4
    let endAngle: CGFloat = .pi / 4

    let path = UIBezierPath(
      arcCenter: center,
      radius: radius / 2 - Constants.arcWidth / 2,
      startAngle: startAngle,
      endAngle: endAngle,
      clockwise: true)

    path.lineWidth = Constants.arcWidth
    counterColor.setStroke()
    path.stroke()

    let angleDifference: CGFloat = 2 * .pi - startAngle + endAngle
    let arcLengthPerGlass = angleDifference / CGFloat(Constants.numberOfGlasses)
    let outlineEndAngle = arcLengthPerGlass * CGFloat(counter) + startAngle

    let outerArcRadius = bounds.width / 2 - Constants.halfOfLineWidth
    let outlinePath = UIBezierPath(
      arcCenter: center,
      radius: outerArcRadius,
      startAngle: startAngle,
      endAngle: outlineEndAngle,
      clockwise: true)

    let innerArcRadius = bounds.width / 2 - Constants.arcWidth + Constants.halfOfLineWidth
    outlinePath.addArc(
      withCenter: center,
      radius: innerArcRadius,
      startAngle: outlineEndAngle,
      endAngle: startAngle,
      clockwise: false)

    outlinePath.close()

    outlineColor.setStroke()
    outlinePath.lineWidth = Constants.lineWidth
    outlinePath.stroke()

    // Counter View markers
    guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
      return
    }

    context.saveGState()
    outlineColor.setFill()

    let markerWidth: CGFloat = 5.0
    let markerSize: CGFloat = 10.0

    let markerPath = UIBezierPath(rect: CGRect(x: -markerWidth / 2, y: 0, width: markerWidth, height: markerSize))

    context.translateBy(x: rect.width / 2, y: rect.height / 2)

    for i in 1...Constants.numberOfGlasses {
      context.saveGState()
      let angle = arcLengthPerGlass * CGFloat(i) + startAngle - .pi / 2
      context.rotate(by: angle)
      context.translateBy(x: 0, y: rect.height / 2 - markerSize)

      markerPath.fill()
      context.restoreGState()
    }

    context.restoreGState()
  }
}

4. GraphView.swift

import UIKit

@IBDesignable
class GraphView: UIView {
  private enum Constants {
    static let cornerRadiusSize = CGSize(width: 8.0, height: 8.0)
    static let margin: CGFloat = 20.0
    static let topBorder: CGFloat = 60
    static let bottomBorder: CGFloat = 50
    static let colorAlpha: CGFloat = 0.3
    static let circleDiameter: CGFloat = 5.0
  }

  @IBInspectable var startColor: UIColor = .red
  @IBInspectable var endColor: UIColor = .green

  var graphPoints: [Int] = [4, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 3]

  // swiftlint:disable:next function_body_length
  override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
    let width = rect.width
    let height = rect.height

    let path = UIBezierPath(
      roundedRect: rect,
      byRoundingCorners: UIRectCorner.allCorners,
      cornerRadii: Constants.cornerRadiusSize
    )
    path.addClip()

    guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
      return
    }
    let colors = [startColor.cgColor, endColor.cgColor]

    let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()

    let colorLocations: [CGFloat] = [0.0, 1.0]

    guard let gradient = CGGradient(
      colorsSpace: colorSpace,
      colors: colors as CFArray,
      locations: colorLocations
    ) else {
      return
    }

    var startPoint = CGPoint.zero
    var endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0, y: self.bounds.height)
    context.drawLinearGradient(
      gradient,
      start: startPoint,
      end: endPoint,
      options: []
    )

    let margin = Constants.margin
    let columnXPoint = { (column: Int) -> CGFloat in
      let spacing = (width - margin * 2 - 4) / CGFloat((self.graphPoints.count - 1))
      return CGFloat(column) * spacing + margin + 2
    }

    let topBorder: CGFloat = Constants.topBorder
    let bottomBorder: CGFloat = Constants.bottomBorder
    let graphHeight = height - topBorder - bottomBorder
    guard let maxValue = graphPoints.max() else {
      return
    }
    let columnYPoint = { (graphPoint: Int) -> CGFloat in
      let yPoint = CGFloat(graphPoint) / CGFloat(maxValue) * graphHeight
      return graphHeight + topBorder - yPoint
    }

    UIColor.white.setFill()
    UIColor.white.setStroke()

    let graphPath = UIBezierPath()
    graphPath.move(to: CGPoint(x: columnXPoint(0), y: columnYPoint(graphPoints[0])))

    for i in 1..<graphPoints.count {
      let nextPoint = CGPoint(x: columnXPoint(i), y: columnYPoint(graphPoints[i]))
      graphPath.addLine(to: nextPoint)
    }

    context.saveGState()

    guard let clippingPath = graphPath.copy() as? UIBezierPath else {
      return
    }

    clippingPath.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: columnXPoint(graphPoints.count - 1), y: height))
    clippingPath.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: columnXPoint(0), y: height))
    clippingPath.close()

    clippingPath.addClip()

    let highestYPoint = columnYPoint(maxValue)
    startPoint = CGPoint(x: margin, y: highestYPoint)
    endPoint = CGPoint(x: margin, y: self.bounds.height)

    context.drawLinearGradient(
      gradient,
      start: startPoint,
      end: endPoint,
      options: CGGradientDrawingOptions(rawValue: 0)
    )
    context.restoreGState()

    graphPath.lineWidth = 2.0
    graphPath.stroke()

    for i in 0..<graphPoints.count {
      var point = CGPoint(x: columnXPoint(i), y: columnYPoint(graphPoints[i]))
      point.x -= Constants.circleDiameter / 2
      point.y -= Constants.circleDiameter / 2

      let circle = UIBezierPath(
        ovalIn: CGRect(
          origin: point,
          size: CGSize(width: Constants.circleDiameter, height: Constants.circleDiameter)
        )
      )
      circle.fill()
    }

    let linePath = UIBezierPath()

    linePath.move(to: CGPoint(x: margin, y: topBorder))
    linePath.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: width - margin, y: topBorder))

    linePath.move(to: CGPoint(x: margin, y: graphHeight / 2 + topBorder))
    linePath.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: width - margin, y: graphHeight / 2 + topBorder))

    linePath.move(to: CGPoint(x: margin, y: height - bottomBorder))
    linePath.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: width - margin, y: height - bottomBorder))
    let color = UIColor(white: 1.0, alpha: Constants.colorAlpha)
    color.setStroke()

    linePath.lineWidth = 1.0
    linePath.stroke()
  }
}

后记

本篇主要讲述了Gradients 和 Contexts的简单示例，感兴趣的给个赞或者关注~~~

CoreGraphic框架解析（二十三） —— Gradien

版本记录

前言

源码

1. Swift

后记

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CoreGraphic框架解析 （二十三） —— Gradien

版本记录

前言

源码

1. Swift

后记

相关文章

网友评论

延伸阅读

深度阅读

栏目导航

热点阅读

CoreGraphic框架解析（二十三） —— Gradien