第五周day1.png
1、三剑客取文本内容举例：
1.1 grep取文本内容举例：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# grep 'oldb.y' oldboy.txt
I am oldboy teacher!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my god,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
oldboy oldboy oldboy
1.2 sed取文本内容举例：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# sed -n '/oldb.y/p' oldboy.txt
I am oldboy teacher!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my god,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
oldboy oldboy oldboy
1.3 awk取文本内容举例：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '/oldb.y/' oldboy.txt
I am oldboy teacher!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my god,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
oldboy oldboy oldboy
2、awk实例取捐款数
创造实验环境：
mkdir -p /server/files/
cat >>/server/files/reg.txt<<EOF
Zhang Dandan 41117397 :250:100:175
Zhang Xiaoyu 390320151 :155:90:201
Meng Feixue 80042789 :250:60:50
Wu Waiwai 70271111 :250:80:75
Liu Bingbing 41117483 :250:100:175
Wang Xiaoai 3515064655 :50:95:135
Zi Gege 1986787350 :250:168:200
Li Youjiu 918391635 :175:75:300
Lao Nanhai 918391635 :250:100:175
EOF
第一列是姓氏
第二列是名字
第一第二列合起来就是姓名
第三列是对应的ID号码
最后三列是三次捐款数量
2.1 显示Xiaoyu的姓氏和ID号码
条件:显示Xiaoyu
{动作}: 显示姓氏和id
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '$2~/Xiaoyu/' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang Xiaoyu 390320151 :155:90:201
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '$2~/Xiaoyu/{print $1,$3}' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang 390320151
2.2 姓氏是Zhang的人，显示他的第二次捐款金额及她的名字
条件: 找出包含Zhang的行
{动作}: 显示捐款的金额和名字
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk -F"[ :]+" '$1~/^Zhang/{print $1,$2,$5}' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang Dandan 100
Zhang Xiaoyu 90
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk -F"[ :]+" '$1~/^Zhang/{print $1,$2,$(NF-1)}' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang Dandan 100
Zhang Xiaoyu 90
2.3 显示所有ID号码最后一位数字是1或5的人的全名
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '$3~/[15]$/{print $1,$2}' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang Xiaoyu
Wu Waiwai
Wang Xiaoai
Li Youjiu
Lao Nanhai
2.4 显示所有人的全名，以姓,名的格式显示，如Meng,Feixue
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '{print $1","$2}' /server/files/reg.txt
Zhang,Dandan
Zhang,Xiaoyu
Meng,Feixue
Wu,Waiwai
Liu,Bingbing
Wang,Xiaoai
Zi,Gege
Li,Youjiu
Lao,Nanhai
2.5 显示Xiaoyu的捐款.每个值时都有以
520
135
方法一：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '{print $NF}' /server/files/reg.txt|tr ':' '$'
$250$100$175
$155$90$201
$250$60$50
$250$80$75
$250$100$175
$50$95$135
$250$168$200
$175$75$300
$250$100$175
方法二：
gsub(/:/,"$") gsub(/找谁/,"替换成什么")
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy ]# awk '{gsub(/:/,"$",$NF); print $4 }' /server/files/reg.txt
$250$100$175
$155$90$201
$250$60$50
$250$80$75
$250$100$175
$50$95$135
$250$168$200
$175$75$300
$250$100$175
3、把passwd文件的第一行和最后一行进行替换
环境搭建：
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
方法一：
root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:x.*:)(.*$)#\3\2\1#g' passwd.txt
方法二：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk -F: '{print $7":"$2":"$3":"$4":"$5":"$6":"$1}' passwd.txt
/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root
/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin
/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon
/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm
/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp
/bin/sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:sync
/sbin/shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:shutdown
/sbin/halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:halt
/sbin/nologin:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:mail
/sbin/nologin:x:11:0:operator:/root:operator
方法三：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk -F: -vOFS=":" '{tmp=$1;$1=$NF;$NF=tmp;print $0 }' passwd.txt
/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root
/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin
/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon
/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm
/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp
/bin/sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:sync
/sbin/shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:shutdown
/sbin/halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:halt
/sbin/nologin:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:mail
/sbin/nologin:x:11:0:operator:/root:operator
方法四：
awk -F: '{tmp=$1;$1=$NF;$NF=tmp;print $0 }' passwd.txt
4、awk统计计算
4.1当做普通计算器使用
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk 'BEGIN{print 1/3,2*4,2*2*2*2*2,2^10}'
0.333333 8 32 1024
4.2当做普通计算器使用
创建环境
root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# cat /oldboy/oldboy.txt
I am oldboy teacher!
I teach linux.
I like badminton ball,billiard ball and chinese chess!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my qq is 1351441522
not 4900000448
my god,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
oldboy oldboy oldboy
4.2.1统计空行数
方法一：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# wc -l /oldboy/oldboy.txt
11 /oldboy/oldboy.txt
方法二：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '/^$/{i=i+1;print i}' /oldboy/oldboy.txt
1
2
方法三：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '/^$/{i=i+1}END{print i}' /etc/services
17
5、统计access.log中 第9列是200的数量
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '$9==200{i++}END{print i}' access.log
142666
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# awk '$9~/^200$/{i++}END{print i}' access.log
142666
6、seq 10 计算举例：
[root@oldboyedu59 /oldboy]# seq 10 |awk '{i=i+$1;print i}'
1
3
6
10
15
21
28
36
45
55
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