1.名词、代词和冠词
名词的单复:以o结尾的,以f或者fe结尾的,单复数一样的,单复数不同形的
不可数名词:信息,天气,新闻,进步,设备,家具,行李,纸
名词构词法:自己背诵
代词:反身代词的搭配,it的常用句型,不定代词,
冠词:含有不定冠词的短语,含有定冠词的短语,
二、介词和动词短语
介词短语,动词短语要记。
三、形容词、副词、数词
基本用法:形容词作定语、表语,补语,状语;副词作状语,补语
副词的位置:程度和频率系动词,助动词,情态动词之后,实意动词的副词放之前。
比较级:不规则变化;哪些词没有比较级和最高级 favourite, final, perfect, excellent,.possible; far 两个比较级;哪些词后加比较级
形容词和副词的变形
以ly结尾的形容词:friendly lovelt lively lonely deadly yearly daily
易混形容词、副词
数词:基数词; 序数词(第一,第二,第三,fifth eighth ninth twelfth,以y结尾变成ie 再加th)
四、谓语动词
系动词的分类
时态:一般现在时注意单三,现在完成时标志词,一般过去式双写加ed, lie、tie的进行时
语态:主动表被动,不能用于被动语态的动词
主谓一致:就近原则
情态动词:情态动词+have done
虚拟语气:If I were you, I would; Without your help, I wouldn't have done…; 一坚持,二命令,四建议,五要求; would rather+从句; It is high time that 从句
五、非谓语动词
作宾语:哪些动词后用不定式作宾语,哪些用动名词作宾语; 动词短语(be accustomed to ),句型(have difficulty in doing, )require, need, want, be worth doing, deserve doing
做定语:名词前有the only, the next , the last, the right 且名词是非谓语的执行者,用不定式做定语;(名词动词同根)plan decision intention attempt need agreement; (名词和形容词同根)ability eagerness wllingness eagerness determination;have something to do 和have something to be done
做主语、表语:it 做形式主语
做状语:不定式表目的
做补语:advise sb to do; see sb doing, make/have/ let sb; leave/ keep/ find/catch +宾语+宾补;with的复合结构
六、并列句、复合句和特殊句式
并列句句型:"祈使句+and/or +陈述句";"I'm sorry but…" "Excuse me but…";"sb be doing sth when …" "sb be about to do when" "sb had just done when…"
定语从句:用关系代词that 不用which 的情况;关系词用which 不用that的情况
名词性从句:what
状语从句
特殊句式:there be 句型主谓一致
there is no point doing
there is no doubt that
there is no need to do
there is no difficulty in doing sth
there is no chance of doing sth
感叹句:what 句型和 How 句型
倒装句:全倒装和部分倒装
only+状语位于句首;否定词位于句首;not only +部分倒装,but also
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