1 前置设置

# 获取nginx 1.15版本镜像（版本自行替换吧）
docker pull nginx:1.15

# 创建nginx挂在目录
mkdir -p {/data/nginx/{logs,cert}}

# 跑起nginx容器，用于获取配置文件
docker run --name nginx -d nginx:1.15

# 拷贝nginx配置文件
docker cp  nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d /data/nginx
docker cp  nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /data/nginx

# 删除容器
docker stop nginx && docker rm nginx

2 生成ssl证书

cd /data/nginx/cert

# 生成私钥
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key

#生成证书（公钥）
openssl req -new -x509 -key nginx.key -out nginx.crt

ps：可以使用免费的let's encrypt证书，也可以使用云服务商提供的证书

3 配置https

# 编辑配置文件
vim /data/nginx/conf.d/

配置文件内容(需要修改部分已备注)

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost; # 换成自己的host
    
    # http请求重定向到https上
    rewrite  ^(.*)$  https://${server_name}$1  permanent;
    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}
    #eeee
    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

# 增加https部分设置
server {

   listen  443 ssl;
   server_name  localhost; # 换成自己的host

   ssl_certificate  /etc/nginx/cert/nginx.crt;             #指定证书位置(通过目录挂载到容器内部)
   ssl_certificate_key  /etc/nginx/cert/nginx.key;         #指定私钥位置(通过目录挂载到容器内部)

   location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

}

4 启动nginx

docker run --name nginx -d \
-p 80:80 \
-p 443:443 \
-v /data/nginx/cert:/etc/nginx/cert \
-v /data/nginx/nginx.cof:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /data/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
nginx:1.15