在Swift中使用Storyboard和Segue时的依赖注入
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我们都知道在使用Storyboard时,实现依赖注入总是有点不优雅,让我们先来看看在Objective-C时如何使用:
Objective-C
//In RJDemoViewController.m
- (void)setDependenciesViewModel:(RJDemoViewModel *)viewModel delegate:(id <RJDemoViewControllerDelegate>)delegate
{
self.viewModel = viewModel;
self.delegate = delegate;
}
- (void)assertDependencies
{
// 依赖的对象
NSParameterAssert(self.viewModel &&self.delegate);
}
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
[self assertDependencies];
}
然后就可以在prepareForSegue
中设置依赖:
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender
{
if ([segue.identifier isEqualToString:showDemoViewController]) {
RJDemoViewController *viewController = segue.destinationViewController;
NSParameterAssert([viewController isKindOfClass:[RJDemoViewController class]]);
[viewController setDependenciesViewModel:[self viewModelForSelectedThing] delegate:self];
}
}
至此,当所有的依赖一旦没有被注入,软件就会立刻奔溃,错误定位也变得十分地方便。
然后在Swift
中有没有存在更Swift的方式来实现依赖注入呐?
Swift
首先定义一个协议(Protocol):
protocol Injectable {
associatedtype InjectObject
func inject(_: InjectObject)
func assertDependencies()
}
注意func inject(_: InjectObject)
由于ViewController依赖的对象有可能是Number,String
等等各种类型,为了可读性,所以忽略了inject
方法的参数名,由遵循该协议的ViewController
去自由定义:
class RJDemoViewController: UIViewController, Injectable {
@IBOutlet weak private var mainLabel: UILabel!
private var mainText: String!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
//由于mainText是String!类型,若没赋值,这里就会Crash
assertDependencies()
// 大胆地使用mainText
mainLabel.text = mainText
}
//注: 这里参数名定义为text,提高了可读性
func inject(text: String) {
mainText = text
}
func assertDependencies() {
assert(mainText != nil)
}
}
至此,在prepareForSegue
中,便可实现注入
override func prepareForSegue(segue: UIStoryboardSegue, sender: AnyObject?) {
if segue.identifier == "showDemoViewController" {
let vc = segue.destinationViewController as! RJDemoViewController
vc.inject("myMainText")
}
}
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