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SpringBoot+MockMvc RESTful API单元

SpringBoot+MockMvc RESTful API单元

作者: inverseli | 来源:发表于2018-09-21 12:56 被阅读0次

项目结构

project structure

Maven - pom.xml

pom.xml中添加如下依赖

<dependencies>  
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.20</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

junit单元测试 ，lombok提供实体类的getter，setter

com.inverseli.learning - HelloApplication.java

package com.inverseli.learning;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
/**  
 * @date：2018年9月19日 上午11:38:55    
 * @author liyuhao
 * @version 1.0   
 * @since JDK 1.8  
 * @description：  
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloApplication.class,args);
    }   
}

com.inverseli.learning/entity - User.java

package com.inverseli.learning.entity;

import lombok.Data;

/**  
 * @date：2018年9月21日 上午10:49:21    
 * @author liyuhao
 * @version 1.0   
 * @since JDK 1.8  
 * @description：  
 */
@Data
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

com.inverseli.learning/controller

HelloController.java
package com.inverseli.learning.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**  
 * @date：2018年9月21日 上午10:51:40    
 * @author liyuhao
 * @version 1.0   
 * @since JDK 1.8  
 * @description：  
 */
@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String index() {
        return "Hello World";
    }
}
UserController.java
package com.inverseli.learning.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.inverseli.learning.entity.User;

/**  
 * @date：2018年9月21日 上午10:53:20    
 * @author liyuhao
 * @version 1.0   
 * @since JDK 1.8  
 * @description：  
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users") // /user请求映射到此controller
public class UserController {
    // 类似与ConcurrentHashMap，Map同步
    static Map<Long,User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long,User>());
    
    // @GetMapping = @RequestMapping(value="/",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    @RequestMapping(value="/",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>(users.values());
        return userList;
    }
    
    @PostMapping("/")
    public String postUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        // @ModelAttribute绑定参数，或者 @RequestParam从页面传递参数
        users.put(user.getId(), user);
        return "success";
    }
    
    @GetMapping(value="/{id}")
    public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        // url的id可通过@PathVariable绑定到参数中
        return users.get(id);
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @ModelAttribute User user) {
        // 处理"/users/{id}"的PUT请求，用来更新User信息
        User u = users.get(id);
        u.setName(user.getName());
        u.setAge(user.getAge());
        users.put(id, u);
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        // 处理"/users/{id}"的DELETE请求，用来删除User
        users.remove(id);
        return "success";
    }
}

ApplicationTest

package com.inverseli.learning;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import com.inverseli.learning.controller.HelloController;
import com.inverseli.learning.controller.UserController;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

/**  
 * @date：2018年9月21日 上午11:10:47    
 * @author liyuhao
 * @version 1.0   
 * @since JDK 1.8  
 * @description：  
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
//@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = HelloApplication.class)
//@SpringBootTest(classes = HelloApplication.class)
public class ApplicationTest {
    
    private MockMvc mvc;
    
//  @Autowired
//  private WebApplicationContext wac;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(
                new HelloController(),
                new UserController()).build();      
//      mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void getHello() throws Exception {
        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Hello World")));
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testUserController() throws Exception {
        // testUserController
        RequestBuilder request = null;
        // 1.get查user列表
        request = get("/users/");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]")));
        
        // 2.post提交一个user
        request = post("/users/")
                .param("id", "1")
                .param("name", "测试大师")
                .param("age", "20");
        
        mvc.perform(request)
//              .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));
        
        // 3、get获取user列表，应该有刚才插入的数据
        request = get("/users/");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[{\"id\":1,\"name\":\"测试大师\",\"age\":20}]")));

        // 4、put修改id为1的user
        request = put("/users/1")
                .param("name", "测试终极大师")
                .param("age", "30");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));

        // 5、get一个id为1的user
        request = get("/users/1");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("{\"id\":1,\"name\":\"测试终极大师\",\"age\":30}")));

        // 6、del删除id为1的user
        request = delete("/users/1");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));

        // 7、get查一下user列表，应该为空
        request = get("/users/");
        mvc.perform(request)
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]")));
    }
}

初始化MockMvc的两种方式

  • 第一种
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class ApplicationTest {

    private MockMvc mvc;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(
                new HelloController(),
                new UserController()).build();      
    }
}
  • 第二种
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@SpringBootTest(classes = HelloApplication.class)
public class ApplicationTest {
    
    private MockMvc mvc;
    // 多数人推荐这种，不知道原因
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {  
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
    }
}

其中@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = HelloApplication.class)已经过时，改为@SpringBootTest(classes = HelloApplication.class)

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