Linux安装Nginx并配置启动命令

作者: 萌褚 | 来源:发表于2022-07-20 17:36 被阅读0次

镜像下载、域名解析、时间同步请点击阿里云开源镜像站

安装前准备工作

因为Nginx依赖于gcc的编译环境，所以，需要安装编译环境来使Nginx能够编译起来

yum install gcc-c++

Nginx的http模块需要使用pcre来解析正则表达式，需要安装pcre

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

安装依赖的解压包

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

ssl 功能需要 openssl 库，安装 openssl

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

下载Nginx

可以自己建立一个包，将nginx下载到这个路径，我设置的路径/opt/crm/nginx

如果需要其他nginx版本的可以参考 nginx仓库

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

下载完之后解压

tar zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

进入到解压之后的nginx目录

[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.10.2
[root@localhost nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure && make && make install

如果要使用ssl

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

注意：如果配置了ssl，检查配置文件时报错

nginx -t
nginx:[emerg]unknown directive ssl错误

去到nginx安装的目录
./configure --with-http_ssl_module

注意要把新生成的文件复制到对应目录
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

显示成功就搞定
[root@iZ2ze02hshpth1x0vxo8r6Z sbin]# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@iZ2ze02hshpth1x0vxo8r6Z sbin]#

安装完之后查看安装目录

[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/local/nginx
[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

通过查找文件名方式

[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# find / -name nginx
/opt/crm/nginx
/opt/crm/nginx/nginx-1.10.2/objs/nginx
/usr/local/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

直接执行

[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      4666     1  0 09:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody    4667  4666  0 09:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5028 29443  0 09:40 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

在浏览器输入服务器IP地址

file

增加systemctl命令方式启动

直接启动和关闭nginx的方式

启动nginx的命令为     /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  
停止nginx的命令为    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
重启nginx的命令为    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

配置方式去到/usr/lib/systemd/system/目录新建一个nginx服务，给予执行权限

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

打开文件nginx.service新建内容

[Unit]                                                                                      
Description=nginx - high performance web server              
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target   

[Service]                                                                                 
Type=forking                                                                        
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid                               
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf   
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf           
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload                                                 
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop                                                       
ExecQuit=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit                                                        
PrivateTmp=true                                                                  

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

保存之后重载Ststemctl命令

在启动服务之前，需要先重载systemctl命令
systemctl daemon-reload

配置完之后

systemctl status nginx
systemctl start nginx
systemctl stop nginx
systemctl restart nginx

附上配置

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip    on;
    #允许压缩的最小字节数
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    #4个单位为16k的内存作为压缩结果流缓存
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    #设置识别HTTP协议版本，默认是1.1
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    #gzip压缩比，可在1~9中设置，1压缩比最小，速度最快，9压缩比最大，速度最慢，消耗CPU
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    #压缩的类型
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    #让前端的缓存服务器混村经过的gzip压缩的页面
    gzip_vary   on;


    # 配置转发到8700 端口
    upstream  huida{
      server  127.0.0.1:8700;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        listen       443 ssl;                    # 配置https，监听433端口
        server_name  xxx.xxx;                    # 注意如果申请了域名配置再此，如果配置了证书才能https访问

        error_page 405 =200 $request_uri;
       
        ssl_certificate  cert/7629385.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key cert/7629385.key;

        client_max_body_size 50m;
        underscores_in_headers on;

        proxy_set_header Host      $host;
        proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        index index.htm index.html index.php;

        proxy_connect_timeout 60; #建立tcp协议的连接时间
        proxy_send_timeout 60;    #发送接口的时间
        proxy_read_timeout 60;    #读取时间（接口响应时间）

        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        
        # 配置转发
      location /huida/ {

                 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
                 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
                 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Content-Range,Range,Token';
                 add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Content-Range,Range,Token';

              proxy_pass http://huida;
         }


        location / {
            root   /home/html/huida/;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }


        #静态文件交给nginx处理 代理前端静态资源
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
        {

         root /home/html/huida/;
                expires 12;
        }

        #静态文件交给nginx处理
        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
          root /home/html/huida/;

            expires 15d;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    }

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/YMZ8848/article/details/123438614

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Linux安装Nginx并配置启动命令

安装前准备工作

下载Nginx

增加systemctl命令方式启动

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