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iOS编程中socket

iOS编程中socket

作者: 单线程Jack | 来源:发表于2019-07-17 14:49 被阅读0次
    • 前言
    • AsyncSocket介绍
    • AsyncSocket详解
    • AsyncSocket示例

    一、前言

    公司的项目用到了Socket编程,之前在学习的过程当中,用到的更多的还是http请求的方式。但是既然用到了就必须学习一下,所以就在网上找一些例子,然后想自己写一个demo。可是发现很多写iOS Socket的博客并没有很详细的说明,也可能是大神们觉得其他东西都浅显易懂。

    自己专研了一下,将自己的一些理解总结出来,一方面整理自己的学习思路,另一方面,为一些和我有同样困惑的小伙伴们,稍做指引。


    二、AsyncSocket介绍

    1⃣️iOS中Socket编程的方式有哪些?

    -BSD Socket

    BSD Socket 是UNIX系统中通用的网络接口,它不仅支持各种不同的网络类型,而且也是一种内部进程之间的通信机制。而iOS系统其实本质就是UNIX,所以可以用,但是比较复杂。

    -CFSocket

    CFSocket是苹果提供给我们的使用Socket的方式,但是用起来还是会不太顺手。当然想使用的话,可以细细研究一下。

    -AsyncSocket

    这次博客的主讲内容,也是我们在开发项目中经常会用到的。

    2⃣️为什么选择AsyncSocket?

    iphone的CFNetwork编程比较艰深。使用AsyncSocket开源库来开发相对较简单,帮助我们封装了很多东西。


    三、AsyncSocket详解

    1⃣️说明

    在我们开发当中,我们主要的任务是开发客户端。所以详解里主要将客户端的整个连接建立过程,以及在说明时候回调哪些函数。在后面的示例代码中,也会给出服务器端的简单开发。

    2⃣️过程详解

    1.建立连接
    
    - (int)connectServer:(NSString *)hostIP port:(int)hostPort
    
    2.连接成功后,会回调的函数
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port
    
    3.发送数据
    
    - (void)writeData:(NSData *)data withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag;
    
    4.接受数据
    
    -(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag
    
    5.断开连接
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock willDisconnectWithError:(NSError *)err
    
    - (void)onSocketDidDisconnect:(AsyncSocket *)sock
    

    主要就是上述的几个方法,只是说在真正开发当中,很可能我们在收发数据的时候,我们收发的数据并不仅仅是一个字符串包装成NSData即可,我们很可能会发送结构体等类型,这个时候我们就需要和服务器端的人员协作来开发:定义怎样的结构体。


    四、AsyncSocket示例

    客户端代码

    #import "ViewController.h"
    
    #define SRV_CONNECTED 0
    #define SRV_CONNECT_SUC 1
    #define SRV_CONNECT_FAIL 2
    #define HOST_IP @"192.168.83.40"
    #define HOST_PORT 8008
    
    @interface ViewController ()
    {
        NSString *_content;
    }
    -(int) connectServer: (NSString *) hostIP port:(int) hostPort;
    -(void)showMessage:(NSString *) msg;
    @end
    
    @implementation ViewController
    
    @synthesize clientSocket,tbInputMsg,lblOutputMsg;
    
    #pragma mark - view lifecycle
    - (void)viewDidLoad
    {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        
        [self connectServer:HOST_IP port:HOST_PORT];
    }
    - (void)viewDidUnload
    {
        [super viewDidUnload];
        [clientSocket release], clientSocket = nil;
        [tbInputMsg release], tbInputMsg = nil;
        [lblOutputMsg release], lblOutputMsg = nil;
    }
    
    - (int)connectServer:(NSString *)hostIP port:(int)hostPort
    {
        if (clientSocket == nil)
        {
            // 在需要联接地方使用connectToHost联接服务器
            clientSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self];
            NSError *err = nil;
            if (![clientSocket connectToHost:hostIP onPort:hostPort error:&err])
            {
                NSLog(@"Error %d:%@", err.code, [err localizedDescription]);
                
                UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:[@"Connection failed to host" stringByAppendingString:hostIP] message:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d:%@",err.code,err.localizedDescription] delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
                [alert show];
                [alert release];
                return SRV_CONNECT_FAIL;
            } else {
                NSLog(@"Connected!");
                return SRV_CONNECT_SUC;
            }
        }
        else {
            return SRV_CONNECTED;
        }
    }
    
    #pragma mark - IBAction
    // 发送数据
    - (IBAction) sendMsg:(id)sender
    {
        NSString *inputMsgStr = tbInputMsg.text;
        NSString * content = [inputMsgStr stringByAppendingString:@"\r\n"];
        NSLog(@"%@",content);
        NSData *data = [content dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        // NSData *data = [content dataUsingEncoding:NSISOLatin1StringEncoding];
        [clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    }
    // 连接/重新连接
    - (IBAction) reconnect:(id)sender
    {
        int stat = [self connectServer:HOST_IP port:HOST_PORT];
        switch (stat) {
            case SRV_CONNECT_SUC:
                [self showMessage:@"connect success"];
                break;
            case SRV_CONNECTED:
                [self showMessage:@"It's connected,don't agian"];
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    - (void)showMessage:(NSString *)msg
    {
        UIAlertView * alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"Alert!"
                                                        message:msg
                                                       delegate:nil
                                              cancelButtonTitle:@"OK"
                                              otherButtonTitles:nil];
        [alert show];
        [alert release];
    }
    - (IBAction)textFieldDoneEditing:(id)sender
    {
        [tbInputMsg resignFirstResponder];
    }
    - (IBAction)backgroundTouch:(id)sender
    {
        [tbInputMsg resignFirstResponder];
    }
    
    #pragma mark socket delegate
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port
    {
        [clientSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    }
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock willDisconnectWithError:(NSError *)err
    {
        NSLog(@"Error");
    }
    
    - (void)onSocketDidDisconnect:(AsyncSocket *)sock
    {
        NSString *msg = @"Sorry this connect is failure";
        [self showMessage:msg];
        [msg release];
        clientSocket = nil;
    }
    
    - (void)onSocketDidSecure:(AsyncSocket *)sock
    {
    }
    
    // 接收到数据(可以通过tag区分)
    -(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag
    {
        NSString* aStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        _content = lblOutputMsg.text;
        NSLog(@"Hava received datas is :%@",aStr);
        NSString *newStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\n%@", aStr];
        lblOutputMsg.text = [_content stringByAppendingString:newStr];
        [aStr release];
        [clientSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    }
    
    @end
    
    服务端代码
    #import "SocketView.h"
    #import "AsyncSocket.h"
    
    #define WELCOME_MSG  0
    #define ECHO_MSG     1
    
    #define FORMAT(format, ...) [NSString stringWithFormat:(format), ##__VA_ARGS__]
    
    @interface SocketView (PrivateAPI)
    - (void)logError:(NSString *)msg;
    - (void)logInfo:(NSString *)msg;
    - (void)logMessage:(NSString *)msg;
    @end
    
    @implementation SocketView
    
    // 初始化
    - (void)awakeFromNib
    {
        listenSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self];
        [listenSocket setRunLoopModes:[NSArray arrayWithObject:NSRunLoopCommonModes]];
        
        connectedSockets = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:1];
        isRunning = NO;
        
        [logView setString:@""];
        // [portField setString:@"8080"];
    }
    
    - (IBAction)startStop:(id)sender
    {
        if(!isRunning)
        {
            int port = [portField intValue];
            
            if(port < 0 || port > 65535)
            {
                port = 0; // 会随即取端口
            }
            
            NSError *error = nil;
            if(![listenSocket acceptOnPort:port error:&error])
            {
                [self logError:FORMAT(@"Error starting server: %@", error)];
                return;
            }
            
            [self logInfo:FORMAT(@"Echo server started on port %hu", [listenSocket localPort])];
            isRunning = YES;
            
            [portField setEnabled:NO];
            [startStopButton setTitle:@"Stop"];
        }
        else
        {
            // Stop accepting connections
            [listenSocket disconnect];
            
            // Stop any client connections
            int i;
            for(i = 0; i < [connectedSockets count]; i++)
            {
                // Call disconnect on the socket,
                // which will invoke the onSocketDidDisconnect: method,
                // which will remove the socket from the list.
                [[connectedSockets objectAtIndex:i] disconnect];
            }
            
            [self logInfo:@"Stopped Echo server"];
            isRunning = false;
            
            [portField setEnabled:YES];
            [startStopButton setTitle:@"Start"];
        }
    }
    
    - (void)scrollToBottom
    {
        NSScrollView *scrollView = [logView enclosingScrollView];
        NSPoint newScrollOrigin;
        
        if ([[scrollView documentView] isFlipped])
            newScrollOrigin = NSMakePoint(0.0, NSMaxY([[scrollView documentView] frame]));
        else
            newScrollOrigin = NSMakePoint(0.0, 0.0);
        
        [[scrollView documentView] scrollPoint:newScrollOrigin];
    }
    
    - (void)logError:(NSString *)msg
    {
        NSString *paragraph = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n", msg];
        
        NSMutableDictionary *attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1];
        [attributes setObject:[NSColor redColor] forKey:NSForegroundColorAttributeName];
        
        NSAttributedString *as = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:paragraph attributes:attributes];
        [as autorelease];
        
        [[logView textStorage] appendAttributedString:as];
        [self scrollToBottom];
    }
    
    - (void)logInfo:(NSString *)msg
    {
        NSString *paragraph = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n", msg];
        
        NSMutableDictionary *attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1];
        [attributes setObject:[NSColor purpleColor] forKey:NSForegroundColorAttributeName];
        
        NSAttributedString *as = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:paragraph attributes:attributes];
        [as autorelease];
        
        [[logView textStorage] appendAttributedString:as];
        [self scrollToBottom];
    }
    
    - (void)logMessage:(NSString *)msg
    {
        NSString *paragraph = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n", msg];
        
        NSMutableDictionary *attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1];
        [attributes setObject:[NSColor blackColor] forKey:NSForegroundColorAttributeName];
        
        NSAttributedString *as = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:paragraph attributes:attributes];
        [as autorelease];
        
        [[logView textStorage] appendAttributedString:as];
        [self scrollToBottom];
    }
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didAcceptNewSocket:(AsyncSocket *)newSocket
    {
        [connectedSockets addObject:newSocket];
    }
    
    // 客户连接成功!
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port
    {
        [self logInfo:FORMAT(@"Accepted client %@:%hu", host, port)];
        
        NSString *welcomeMsg = @"恭喜您,已经通过scoket连接上服务器!";
        NSData *welcomeData = [welcomeMsg dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        
        [sock writeData:welcomeData withTimeout:-1 tag:WELCOME_MSG];
        
        // We could call readDataToData:withTimeout:tag: here - that would be perfectly fine.
        // If we did this, we'd want to add a check in onSocket:didWriteDataWithTag: and only
        // queue another read if tag != WELCOME_MSG.
    }
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didWriteDataWithTag:(long)tag
    {
       [sock readDataToData:[AsyncSocket CRLFData] withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    }
    // 接收到数据
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag
    {
        NSData *strData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, [data length] - 2)];
        NSString *recvMsg = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:strData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
        if(recvMsg)
        {
            [self logMessage:recvMsg];
        }
        else
        {
            [self logError:@"Error converting received data into UTF-8 String"];
        }
        NSString *backStr = nil;
        for (AsyncSocket *socket in connectedSockets) {
            if ([sock isEqualTo:socket]) {
                backStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"我说: %@",recvMsg];
            } else {
                backStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"他说: %@",recvMsg];
            }
        }
        
        // 回发数据
        NSData* backData = [backStr dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        [sock writeData:backData withTimeout:-1 tag:ECHO_MSG];
    }
    
    - (void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock willDisconnectWithError:(NSError *)err
    {
        [self logInfo:FORMAT(@"Client Disconnected: %@:%hu", [sock connectedHost], [sock connectedPort])];
    }
    
    - (void)onSocketDidDisconnect:(AsyncSocket *)sock
    {
        [connectedSockets removeObject:sock];
    }
    
    @end
    

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