CICD流程图详解
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代码管理仓库gitlab
gitlab是个私有的代码管理仓库, 可以运行在企业内部的网络中, 使企业开发人员可以保持代码的私有性; 同时也方便自行管理代码; gitlab有很多CI功能, 但是通常还是采用Jenkins, 原因就是Jenkins的功能要更加强大; 下面看一看gitlab的部署过程及操作流程;
gitlab version: 12.5下载链接; 右键点击即可下载;
gitlab部署步骤:
$ sudo yum -y install epel-release
$ sudo yum -y install gitlab-ce-12.5.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
gitlab配置步骤:
$ sudo vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://gitlab.cicds.com' -->> 更改为自定义域名
$ sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
...
...
...
Running handlers:
Running handlers complete
Chef Client finished, 543/1455 resources updated in 02 minutes 57 seconds
gitlab Reconfigured!
-->>打开浏览器访问http://gitlab.cicds.com即可;
gitlab的控制命令:
# 修改配置后生效操作
$ sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
# 查看gitlab服务状态
$ sudo gitlab-ctl status
# 开启/关闭/重启服务
$ sudo gitlab-ctl start/stop/restart
# 查看gitlab日志
$ sudo gitlab-ctl tail [component]
从开发者角度操作gitlab
开发者对于gitlab的操作集中在创建项目,添加用户,配置项目, 本地环境, gitlab连接, 拉取代码, 推送代码等操作; 通常都是由运维人员创建相应的分组或者相应的项目, 再去设置相应的分组负责人及项目负责人(owner)后, 负责人添加开发人员(developer)至组中或项目中就可以开始开发工作了;
-
创建组的操作
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在项目中添加负责人(owner)
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- 负责人添加开发者(developer)
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负责人创建项目
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创建项目成功后可以添加sshkey至用户中方便以后拉取代码及上传代码
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N "" -f $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa -C ziyins@163.com
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/home/ziyins/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /home/ziyins/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/ziyins/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:nNVDMz7XfdbmXL2NQ6qdt8Byh8Xc5RYEDvVyT/LISpQ ziyins@163.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 4096]----+
| .=o.. |
| +o+o.+|
| . Eo++%|
| . o . Xo&O|
| S o O.X|
| = = o |
| o O o |
| o + . |
| . |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$ cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa 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 ziyins@163.com
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其余developer角色用户仿照owner用户添加sshkey即可;
- 开发者(developer)如何进行开发? 拉取代码, 上传代码, 创建分支, 提交合并请求;
# owner创建项目描述, 随后通知开发人员进行分支开发
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$ git clone git@gitlab.cicds.com:videosclient/clientide.git
Cloning into 'clientide'...
The authenticity of host 'gitlab.cicds.com (192.168.123.11)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:eVRgfOwZaEj9VCiHFe8/PqeyDEBWqxqdo7vsLtRJ+Uw.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:21:fb:93:5f:2b:ca:17:b7:e6:53:85:8c:26:b6:79:d8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'gitlab.cicds.com,192.168.123.11' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$ ls
clientide
[ziyins@gitlab ~]$ cd clientide/
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ vim README.md
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git add README.md
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git commit -m "Add README.md"
*** Please tell me who you are.
Run
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.
fatal: empty ident name (for <ziyins@gitlab.(none)>) not allowed
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git config --global user.email "ziyins@163.com"
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git config --global user.name "ziyins"
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git commit -m "Add README.md"
[master (root-commit) e63eac5] Add README.md
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 README.md
[ziyins@gitlab clientide]$ git push -u origin master
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 259 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@gitlab.cicds.com:videosclient/clientide.git
* [new branch] master -> master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
# 开发者克隆库到本地, 创建分支进行开发
[bavduer@gitlab ~]$ git clone git@gitlab.cicds.com:videosclient/clientide.git
Cloning into 'clientide'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.
[bavduer@gitlab ~]$ cd clientide
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ ls
README.md
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git branch
* master
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git checkout -b interface
Switched to a new branch 'interface'
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git branch
* interface
master
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ vim ide_interface.py
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git add ide_interface.py
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git config --global user.email "bavduer@163.com"
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git config --global user.name "bavduer"
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git commit -m "Add ide_interface.py"
[interface 189c405] Add ide_interface.py
1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 ide_interface.py
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git push -u origin interface
Counting objects: 4, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 384 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote:
remote: To create a merge request for interface, visit:
remote: http://gitlab.cicds.com/videosclient/clientide/merge_requests/new?merge_request%5Bsource_branch%5D=interface
remote:
To git@gitlab.cicds.com:videosclient/clientide.git
* [new branch] interface -> interface
Branch interface set up to track remote branch interface from origin.
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$
- 开发者要求合并到master分支时可以创建一个
merge request请求, 由负责人(owner), 审查通过后, 即可合并到主分支; - git命令行其他常用操作
# 开发人员经常会误删除一些文件或者改动文件中的内容, 此时想要回退到原来的文件内容时,很是抓狂,所以有了版本回退
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git branch
* interface
master
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ kls
-bash: kls: command not found
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ ls
ide_interface.py README.md
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ vim ide_interface.py
->>>添加一行内容后保存退出vim编辑器
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git add --all
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git commit -m "add content code"
[interface c635131] add content code
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git log
commit c635131fb240b8fe179722e553769542cad165b7
Author: bavduer <bavduer@163.com>
Date: Sun Dec 8 13:09:36 2019 +0800
add content code
commit 189c405736956e07119d646ade595c8d4b4dc752
Author: bavduer <bavduer@163.com>
Date: Sun Dec 8 12:08:24 2019 +0800
Add ide_interface.py
commit e63eac5d99026b09d7357d87f58796daeafcf4b7
Author: ziyins <ziyins@163.com>
Date: Sun Dec 8 11:58:10 2019 +0800
Add README.md
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git reset --hard 189c405
HEAD is now at 189c405 Add ide_interface.py
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ cat ide_interface.py
#!/usr/local/bin/python3
#
# author: bavduer
# time: 2019/12/08
# filepath: ide_interface.py
print("hello world")
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$
# 更新gitlab仓库中的代码, 到本地
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git branch
interface
* master
[bavduer@gitlab clientide]$ git pull
remote: Enumerating objects: 5, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (5/5), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 4 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (4/4), done.
From gitlab.cicds.com:videosclient/clientide
e63eac5..21e8ba4 master -> origin/master
Updating e63eac5..21e8ba4
Fast-forward
ide_interface.py | 7 +++++++
1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 ide_interface.py
从运维人员角度操作gitlab
备份和还原gitlab仓库是很重要的操作, 必要时可以避免很多不必要的损失;
gitlab的备份操作及备份恢复
##备份<设置备份目录及保存天数>
[root@gitlab ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
gitlab_rails['backup_path'] = "/var/opt/gitlab/backups"
gitlab_rails['backup_keep_time'] = 604800
[root@gitlab ~]# gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:create
##恢复
[root@gitlab ~]# cd /var/opt/gitlab/backups
[root@gitlab backups]# chmod 777 1541872172_2018_11_11_11.4.5_gitlab_backup.tar
[root@gitlab backups]# gitlab-ctl stop unicorn
ok: down: unicorn: 0s, normally up
[root@gitlab backups]# gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq
ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up
[root@gitlab backups]# gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:restore BACKUP=<备份编号>
[root@gitlab backups]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
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