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JavaScript - 时间相关

JavaScript - 时间相关

作者: wwmin_ | 来源:发表于2017-04-10 23:46 被阅读8次
    • 基本用法:
    var myDate = new Date(); //Sat Nov 19 2016 10:34:56 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)
    myDate.getYear(); //获取当前年份(2位)
    myDate.getFullYear(); //获取完整的年份(4位,1970-????)
    myDate.getMonth(); //获取当前月份(0-11,0代表1月)
    myDate.getDate(); //获取当前日(1-31)
    myDate.getDay(); //获取当前星期X(0-6,0代表星期天)
    myDate.getTime(); //获取当前时间(从1970.1.1开始的毫秒数)
    myDate.getHours(); //获取当前小时数(0-23)
    myDate.getMinutes(); //获取当前分钟数(0-59)
    myDate.getSeconds(); //获取当前秒数(0-59)
    myDate.getMilliseconds(); //获取当前毫秒数(0-999)
    myDate.toLocaleDateString(); //获取当前日期
    var mytime=myDate.toLocaleTimeString(); //获取当前时间
    myDate.toLocaleString( ); //获取日期与时间
    
    //获取当前时间戳:
    //1.
    var starttime = (new Date()).valueOf();
    //2.
    var timestamp=new Date().getTime();
    //3.
    var timestamp =Date.parse(new Date());   //1479523820000 //此法将毫秒转换成了 000 不够精确
    
    new Date() 参与计算会自动转换为从1970.1.1开始的毫秒数
    
    //将字符串形式的日期转换成日期对象
    var t=new Date(Date.parse("2016-11-19"));
    
    //将字符串形式的日期转换成日期对象
    var strTime="2016-11-19"; //字符串日期格式           
    var date= new Date(Date.parse(strTime.replace(/-/g,"/"))); //转换成Data();
    var month=date.getMonth()+1; //获取当前月份
    
    
    //带有参数的 new Date([arguments list]);
    //参数有以下5种:
    new Date("month dd,yyyy hh:mm:ss");
    new Date("month dd,yyyy");
    new Date(yyyy,mth,dd,hh,mm,ss); //此处传递的参数 必须是整型
    new Date(yyyy,mth,dd);
    new Date(ms);  //参数表示的是需要创建的时间和 GMT时间1970年1月1日之间相差的毫秒数
    
    /*
    其中参数含义:
    month:用英文 表示月份名称,"January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"
    mth:用整数表示月份,1月到12月
    dd:表示一个 月中的第几天,从1到31 
    yyyy:四位数表示的年份 
    hh:小时数,从0(午夜)到23(晚11点)
    mm: 分钟数,从0到59的整数 
    ss:秒数,从0到59的整数 
    ms:毫秒数,为大于等于0的整数 
    */
    
    //示例
    new Date("January 12,2006 22:19:35"); 
    new Date("January 12,2006"); 
    new Date(2006,0,12,22,19,35); 
    new Date(2006,0,12); 
    new Date(1137075575000); 
    
    • 获取某月天数
    //获取某月天数
    function getMonthDay(date){
        date=date||new Date();
        if(typeof date==='string'){
            date=new Date(date);
        }
        date.setDate(32); //自动减去当月的天数 
        return 32-date.getDate();//date.getDate()会返回一个减去当月天数的值 剩余值就是当月天数
    }
    
    • 日期格式化
    function formatTime(date) {
      var year = date.getFullYear()
      var month = date.getMonth() + 1
      var day = date.getDate()
    
      var hour = date.getHours()
      var minute = date.getMinutes()
      var second = date.getSeconds()
    
    
      return [year, month, day].map(formatNumber).join('/') + ' ' + [hour, minute, second].map(formatNumber).join(':')
    }
    //将个位数补上0
    function formatNumber(n) {
      n = n.toString()
      return n[1] ? n : '0' + n
    }
    
    • 时间格式化
    function formatTime(time) {
      if (typeof time !== 'number' || time < 0) {
        return time
      }
    
      var hour = parseInt(time / 3600)
      time = time % 3600
      var minute = parseInt(time / 60)
      time = time % 60
      var second = time
    
      return ([hour, minute, second]).map(function (n) {
        n = n.toString()
        return n[1] ? n : '0' + n
      }).join(':')
    }
    
    • 距离现在的时间 time to now
    let timeToNow = (time) => {
      const t = parseFloat(new Date - new Date(time)) / 1000;
      let str;
      if (!t) return;
      if (t > 60 && t < 3600 ) {
        str = `${parseInt(t / 60.0, 10)}分钟前`;
      } else if (t >= 3600 && t < 86400) {
        str = `${parseInt(t / 3600.0, 10)}小时前`;
      } else if (t >= 86400 && t < 86400 * 30) {
        str = `${parseInt(t / 86400.0, 10)}天前`;
      } else if (t >= 86400 * 30 && t < 86400 * 365) {
        str = `${parseInt(t / (86400.0 * 30), 10)}个月前`;
      } else if (t >= 86400 * 365) {
        str = `${parseInt(t / (86400.0 * 365), 10)}年前`;
      } else {
        str = `${parseInt(t, 10)}秒前`;
      }
      return str;
    }
    
    • 获取从当前时间到指定日期的间隔时间
    function getChIntv(data){
        var str = data.split("-").join(","); // 2017,05,01
        var date = new Date(str);
        var nowDate = new Date();
        var diff = date - nowDate; // 总时间差
        var getDay = Math.floor( diff / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) );
        var getHours = Math.floor( diff / (60 * 60 * 1000) ) % 24;
        var getMinutes = Math.floor( diff / (60 * 1000) ) % 60;
        var getSeconds = Math.floor( diff / 1000) % 60;
        return "距离五一还有" + getDay + "天" + getHours + "小时" + getMinutes + "分钟" + getSeconds + "秒";
    }
    var str = getChIntv("2017-05-01");
    console.log(str);
    
    • 计算两个时间差 diffDate
      /**
       * 
       * @param {*} time1 a Date object or Date params
       * @param {*} time2 a Date object or Date params
       * @param {*} unit can be one of ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second']
       * @param {*} exact get exact day diff
       */
      function diffDate (time1, time2, unit='day', exact = false) {
        let date1 = new Date(time1)
        let date2 = new Date(time2)
        if (unit === 'year') {
          return date2.getFullYear() - date1.getFullYear()
        }
        if (unit === 'month') {
          let diffYear = date2.getFullYear() - date1.getFullYear()
          return (date2.getMonth() - date1.getMonth()) + 12 * diffYear
        }
        if (!exact && unit === 'day') {
          date1 = new Date(format(date1, 'yyyy-MM-dd'))
          date2 = new Date(format(date2, 'yyyy-MM-dd'))
        }
        let timeStampUnit = getTimeStampUnit(unit)
        return parseInt((date2.getTime() - date1.getTime()) / timeStampUnit)
      }
    
    • 把hh-mm-dd格式数字日期改成中文日期
    function getChsDate(data){
        var str = data.split("-"); // ["2015", "01", "08"]
        var dateArr = ["零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九", "十", "十一", "十二", "十三", "十四", "十五", "十六", "十七", "十八", "十九", "二十", "二十一", "二十二", "二十三", "二十四", "二十五", "二十六", "二十七", "二十八", "二十九", "三十", "三十一"];
        var year = str[0];
        var month = str[1];
        var day = str[2];
        var getYear = dateArr[ parseInt(year[0]) ] + dateArr[ parseInt(year[1]) ] + dateArr[ parseInt(year[2]) ] + dateArr[ parseInt(year[3]) ];
        var getMonth = dateArr[ parseInt(month * 1 ) ]; 
        var getDay = dateArr[ parseInt(day * 1 ) ];
        return getYear +'年'+getMonth+'月'+getDay+'日';
    }
    var str = getChsDate('2015-01-08');
    console.log(str);  // 二零一五年一月八日
    
    • 参数为时间对象毫秒数的字符串格式,返回值为字符串。

    假设参数为时间对象毫秒数t,根据t的时间分别返回如下字符串: 刚刚( t 距当前时间不到1分钟时间间隔) 3分钟前 (t距当前时间大于等于1分钟,小于1小时) 8小时前 (t 距离当前时间大于等于1小时,小于24小时) 3天前 (t 距离当前时间大于等于24小时,小于30天) 2个月前 (t 距离当前时间大于等于30天小于12个月) 8年前 (t 距离当前时间大于等于12个月)

    function getPastTime(t){
     var pastTime = new Date() - t;
     if( pastTime <  (60 * 1000) ){
        return('刚刚');
     }else if(pastTime < (60 * 60 * 1000) ){
         return( Math.floor( pastTime / (60 * 1000) ) % 60 + '分钟前');
     }else if( pastTime < (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ){
         return(Math.floor( pastTime / (60 * 60 * 1000) ) % 24 +'小时前');
     }else if( pastTime < (30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ){
         return(Math.floor( pastTime / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ) % 30 +'天前');
     }else if( pastTime < (12 * 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ){
         return(Math.floor( pastTime / (30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ) % 12 +'个月前');
     }else{
         return(Math.floor( pastTime / (12 * 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) ) +'年前');
     }
    }
    getPastTime('1492350564250');
    
    • 关于GMT , UTC
      GMT(格林尼治标准时间)是一些欧洲和非洲国家正式使用的时间,UTC是国际标准。这两个时间一般情况是相等的。中国处于东八区,与UTC时间相差8个小时,也就是说UTC时间00:00:00的时候,我们的时间是08:00:00。
      为了避免这种现象,对于任何的输入,都统一生成一个UTC时间,那么新建一个date函数,这个Date函数用于根据传入的时间模板,生成一致的时间。'yyyy-MM-dd'格式的时间模板new出来的date是本地时间,所以用正则表达式匹配一下/^\d{4}(-\d{2}){0,2}$/.test(date)。重写一个Date构造函数,用于根据输入的时间模板生成一致的时间。
    //本地时间转换成UTC时间
    export function UtcDate(date = "") {
      let isDate = (typeof date === 'object') && (date instanceof Date)
      if (isDate) return date
      let localDate
    
      if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(date).slice(-7, -1) === 'String') {
        date = date.replace(/T/, ' ').replace(/-/g, '/')
      }
      try {
        localDate = date === undefined ? new Date() : new Date(date)
      } catch (e) {
        console.error(e)
      }
      if (date && /^\d{4}([-\/]\d{1,2}){0,2}$$/.test(date)) {
        let timeZoneOffset = localDate.getTimezoneOffset()
        let utcTimeStamp = localDate.getTime() + timeZoneOffset * 60 * 1000
        return new Date(utcTimeStamp)
      }
      return localDate;
    }
    
    • 实用的日期函数库
    (function ($) {
    function DateUTC (date) {
      if (arguments.length === 0) return new Date()
      if (isDate(date)) return date
      let localDate
      if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(date).slice(-7, -1) === 'String') {
        date = date.replace(/T/, ' ').replace(/-/g, '/')
      }
      try {
        localDate = new Date(date)
      } catch (e) {
        console.error(e)
      }
      // yyyy-MM-dd | yyyy-MM | T:分隔日期和时间 | Z:时区,可以是:Z(UFC)、+HH:mm、-HH:mm
      if (date && /^\d{4}(-\d{2}){0,2}$/.test(date))  {
        let timeZoneOffset = localDate.getTimezoneOffset()
        let utcTimeStamp = localDate.getTime() + timeZoneOffset * 60 * 1000
        return new Date(utcTimeStamp)
      }
      return localDate
    }
    
    function format (date, form = 'yyyy-MM-dd') {
      date = DateUTC(date)
      if (!form) return date
      let year = date.getFullYear()
      let month = leftPad(date.getMonth() + 1)
      let day = leftPad(date.getDate())
      let hours = leftPad(date.getHours())
      let minutes = leftPad(date.getMinutes())
      let seconds = leftPad(date.getSeconds())
      return form.replace('yyyy', year).replace('MM', month).replace('dd', day).replace('HH', hours).replace('mm', minutes).replace('ss', seconds)
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * @param {*} time1 a Date object or Date params
     * @param {*} time2 a Date object or Date params
     * @param {*} unit can be one of ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second']
     * @param {*} exact get exact day diff
     */
    function diff (time1, time2, unit='day', exact = false) {
      let date1 = DateUTC(time1)
      let date2 = DateUTC(time2)
      if (unit === 'year') {
        return date2.getFullYear() - date1.getFullYear()
      }
      if (unit === 'month') {
        let diffYear = date2.getFullYear() - date1.getFullYear()
        return (date2.getMonth() - date1.getMonth()) + 12 * diffYear
      }
      if (!exact && unit === 'day') {
        date1 = DateUTC(format(date1, 'yyyy-MM-dd'))
        date2 = DateUTC(format(date2, 'yyyy-MM-dd'))
      }
      let timeStampUnit = getTimeStampUnit(unit)
      return parseInt((date2.getTime() - date1.getTime()) / timeStampUnit)
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @param {*} date a Date object or Date params
     * @param {*} diff 
     * @param {*} unit can be one of ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second']
     * for example: dateFrom('2012-02-29', 12, 'month') // Fri Mar 01 2013 00:00:00 GMT+0800 (CST)
     */
    function dateFrom(time, diff, unit='day') {
      let date = DateUTC(time)
      if (unit === 'year') {
        let year =  date.getFullYear() + diff
        return DateUTC(date.setFullYear(year))
      }
      if (unit === 'month') {
        let month = date.getMonth() + diff
        return DateUTC(date.setMonth(month))
      }
      let timeStampUnit = getTimeStampUnit(unit)
      return DateUTC(date.getTime() + diff * timeStampUnit)
    }
    
    /**
     * use it just like how you new a Date and the second value is the format
     *  if you don't want to format it, set the form to false
     * @param {*} value any params can new a Date
     * @param {*} form 
     * @param {*} UTC 
     */
    function dateTemplate ({ date, diff, form, unit } = {}) {
      var _date = !date ? DateUTC() : date
      if (diff) {
        _date = dateFrom(_date, diff, unit)
      }
      if (form) {
        _date = format(_date, form)
      }
      return _date
    }
    
    
    function isDate (date) {
      return date instanceof Date
    }
    
    function leftPad (val) {
      return val.toString().padStart(2, '0')
    }
    
    function getTimeStampUnit (unit) {
      switch (unit) {
        case 'day':
          return 1000 * 3600 * 24
        case 'hour':
          return  1000 * 3600
        case 'minute':
          return 1000 * 60
        case 'second':
          return 1000
          break
        default:
          return 1
      }
    }
    
    $.format = format
    $.diff = diff
    $.DateUTC = DateUTC
    $.dateFrom = dateFrom
    $.dateTemplate = dateTemplate
    })(window.$);
    

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      本文标题:JavaScript - 时间相关

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