1.插值器的介绍
插值器只是一个概念,系统中与之相关的类叫做 TimeInterpolator ,其只是一个接口,准确来说叫做“时间插值器”。
A time interpolator defines the rate of change of an animation. This allows animations to have non-linear motion, such as acceleration and deceleration.
翻译: 该时间插值器定义了动画的变化率,允许动画做非线性的运动,比如加速、减速。
接口代码:
package android.animation;
/**
* A time interpolator defines the rate of change of an animation. This allows animations
* to have non-linear motion, such as acceleration and deceleration.
*/
public interface TimeInterpolator {
/**
* Maps a value representing the elapsed fraction of an animation to a value that represents
* the interpolated fraction. This interpolated value is then multiplied by the change in
* value of an animation to derive the animated value at the current elapsed animation time.
*
* @param input A value between 0 and 1.0 indicating our current point
* in the animation where 0 represents the start and 1.0 represents
* the end
* @return The interpolation value. This value can be more than 1.0 for
* interpolators which overshoot their targets, or less than 0 for
* interpolators that undershoot their targets.
*/
float getInterpolation(float input);
}
float getInterpolation(float input);
1. 方法参数 input 接收 0 和 1.0 之间的值表示动画的当前进度,是线性变化的,其中0表示开始,1.0表示结束;
2. 返回值表示对 input 进行插值之后的值,我们就是在这儿做“手脚”,让返回值不再是线性的,就完成自己定义动画的变化率了。
在使用动画的时候,默认是匀速变化的,在使用插值器后,可以先加速后减速,也可以先减速后加速...
2.插值器的作用
改变动画的变化率。
系统有很多插值器,开发者也可以自定义插值器:
3.插值器的使用
下面着重分析插值器 AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator,其是属性动画默认采用的插值器,我们看一下其内部 getInterpolation() 方法的实现:
/*
* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package android.view.animation;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import com.android.internal.view.animation.HasNativeInterpolator;
import com.android.internal.view.animation.NativeInterpolatorFactory;
import com.android.internal.view.animation.NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper;
/**
* An interpolator where the rate of change starts and ends slowly but
* accelerates through the middle.
*/
@HasNativeInterpolator
public class AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator extends BaseInterpolator
implements NativeInterpolatorFactory {
public AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator() {
}
@SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"})
public AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
}
//默认插值器的算法
public float getInterpolation(float input) {
return (float)(Math.cos((input + 1) * Math.PI) / 2.0f) + 0.5f;
}
/** @hide */
@Override
public long createNativeInterpolator() {
return NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper.createAccelerateDecelerateInterpolator();
}
}
输入:input,值即为fraction,从0~1
计算:cos((input+1) * Math.PI) 即表示cos(π)到cos(2π),该区间函数值范围为-11,再除以2,则为-0.50.5,最后再加上0.5
输出:范围0~1。
我们对比一下直接输出input和对input进行变换后输出的效果图:
属性动画4-先加速后减速绿色线条表示直接输出,其表示随时间推移的匀速变化,而红色的曲线,是对input经过三角变换后的输出,分析其切线,能明显感觉出其先加速,在 input 为 0.5 处速度达到最大,而后减速的过程。
使用插值器:
valueAnimator.setInterpolator(new MyInterpolator());
4.自定义插值器
只是使用系统的插值器是满足不了大家日常的需求的,现在我们来自定义一个插值器:
public class MyInterpolator implements TimeInterpolator {
@Override
public float getInterpolation(float input) {
if (input <= 0.5) {
return (float) (Math.sin(Math.PI * input)) / 2;
} else {
return (float) (2 - Math.sin(Math.PI * input)) / 2;
}
}
}
该插值器变换后的图像:
MyInterpolator 图像
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