8.3 RabbitMQ消息消费

一般消费消息的应用会单独部署，不会和发布消息的应用部署到一起，所以本节也单独讲一下。

1.maven依赖、application.properties配置和上一节一样

2.applicationContext-rabbitmq.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">

   <description>rabbitmq 连接服务配置</description>
   <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/application.properties"/>
   <rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbitConnectionFactory" host="${rabbit.host}" port="${rabbit.port}"
                              username="${rabbit.username}" password="${rabbit.password}"
                              virtual-host="${rabbit.vhost}" channel-cache-size="50"/>
   <!-- 消费者 -->
   <bean name="rabbitmqService" class="com.critc.service.RabbitmqService"></bean>
   <rabbit:queue id="test_mq" name="test_mq" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" />
   <!-- 配置监听 -->
   <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory" acknowledge="auto" >
       <rabbit:listener queues="test_mq" ref="rabbitmqService" />
   </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

这里面定义了一个消费者和一个监听器来处理消息

3.RabbitmqService 消费类

@Service
public class RabbitmqService implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.println("消息消费者 = " + msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }
}

这里面需要强调一点，传到这里面的Message是一个对象，包含消息头、消息体等各种信息，需要进行一下转码，取到消息body，然后进行处理。

4.web.xml 启动加载配置

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID"
         version="3.1">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath:applicationContext-rabbitmq.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

</web-app>

启动时加载配置，启动监听。

5.启动执行

rabbitmq监听.png

控制台会输出消息body，后续可以处理这些消息

源码下载

本工程详细源码