pytest的一些高阶用法(二)

作者: 迈阿密小白 | 来源:发表于2019-01-10 16:44 被阅读2次

    前言

    之前一篇文章pytest的一些高阶用法记录了一些高阶的用法,这边继续实践一些操作

    1.报告 pytest-html

    这是一版简单的html报告
    安装命令

    pip install pytest-html
    

    执行脚本的时候,带上需要保存报告的地址和报告名称即可

    pytest demo_fixture.py --html=./../report/report.html
    

    这边会在脚本的上级目录,report文件夹中,生成一个html报告,报告内容如下:


    report.png
    report2.png

    2.指定运行用例

    可以看到 报告中Test这一列,出现 demo_fixture.py::Test1::()::test_1 这种格式,这其实就是pytest指定运行部分用例的方法,可以试验一下

    import pytest
    
    @pytest.fixture(scope="class",autouse=True)
    def preclass():
        print("beore class ")
        yield
        print("after class")
    
    @pytest.fixture(scope="module",autouse=True)
    def premodule():
        print("beore module ")
        yield
        print("after module")
    
    @pytest.fixture(scope="function",autouse=True)
    def pretest():
        print("beore function ")
        yield
        print("after function")
    
    class Test1(object):
    
        def test_1(self):
            print("this is test1")
            assert 1==1
    
        def test_2(self):
            print("this is test2")
            assert 1+2 ==3
    
    class Test2(object):
        def test_3(self):
            print("this is test3")
            assert  3+1 ==4
    
        def test_4(self):
            print("this is test4")
            assert  3+2 ==5
    

    如果我们想只执行Test1 的测试用例,那么执行命令:

    pytest -sq demo_fixture_decorator.py::Test1
    

    其结果如下:


    Test1.png

    如果只想执行Test2中的test_3,那么命令如下:

    pytest -sq demo_fixture_decorator.py::Test2::test_3
    

    其结果如下:


    test_3.png

    仅执行了test_3

    同时也支持多个条件,如下:

    pytest -sq demo_fixture_decorator.py::Test2::test_3 demo_fixture_decorator.py::Test1
    

    3.conftest

    conftest.py 定一个共享的fixture(备注:文件名固定为conftest.py 不可以修改)
    一般放在testcase目录中,每个子目录下也可以有conftest.py,优先子目录中的conftest.py中fixture

    定一个conftest.py如下:

    import pytest
    
    @pytest.fixture(scope="session",autouse="True")
    def before():
        print("this is conftest")
    

    当我们再次执行

    pytest -sq demo_fixture_decorator.py::Test2::test_3
    

    其结果如下:


    conftest.png

    对比可以发现,test_3 执行前,先执行了conftest中的代码

    4.mark

    pytest支持自定义一些标签,在执行脚本的时候,执行指定某些标签或者非某些标签的用例
    首先查看pytest 自带的markers

    pytest  --markers
    
    @pytest.mark.no_cover: disable coverage for this test.
    
    @pytest.mark.run: specify ordering information for when tests should run in relation to one another. Provided by pytest-ordering. See
     also: http://pytest-ordering.readthedocs.org/
    
    @pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=1, reruns_delay=0): mark test to re-run up to 'reruns' times. Add a delay of 'reruns_delay' seconds between
     re-runs.
    .
    .
    .
    .
    @pytest.mark.parametrize(argnames, argvalues): call a test function multiple times passing in different arguments in turn. 
    
    @pytest.mark.usefixtures(fixturename1, fixturename2, ...): mark tests as needing all of the specified fixtures. see https://docs.pyte
    st.org/en/latest/fixture.html#usefixtures
    
    @pytest.mark.tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possi
    ble.
    
    @pytest.mark.trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible
    .
    

    可以看到之前提到的一些,如:

    参数化用的
    @pytest.mark.parametrize
    
    fixture用的
    @pytest.mark.usefixtures
    
    失败重跑用的
    @pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=1, reruns_delay=0)
    等等
    

    我们可以自定义写mark
    新增pytest.ini,内容如下:

    [pytest]
    markers=
        P0: level P0
        P1: level p1
        P2: level p2
        dong: testcase created by dong
        mandy: testcase created by mandy
        cm: testcase about cm
        pd: testcase about pd
    

    再次执行

    pytest  --markers
    
    @pytest.mark.P0: level P0
    
    @pytest.mark.P1: level p1
    
    @pytest.mark.P2: level p2
    
    @pytest.mark.dong: testcase created by dong
    
    @pytest.mark.mandy: testcase created by mandy
    
    @pytest.mark.cm: testcase about cm
    
    @pytest.mark.pd: testcase about pd
    
    @pytest.mark.no_cover: disable coverage for this test.
    
    @pytest.mark.run: specify ordering information for when tests should run in relation to one another. Provided by pytest-ordering. See
     also: http://pytest-ordering.readthedocs.org/
    
    @pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=1, reruns_delay=0): mark test to re-run up to 'reruns' times. Add a delay of 'reruns_delay' seconds between
     re-runs.
    .
    .
    .
    

    之前自定义的标签,已经加入了

    那么如何使用这些标签呢?

    import pytest
    
    @pytest.mark.dong
    @pytest.mark.P1
    @pytest.mark.cm
    class Test1(object):
        def test_1(self):
            print("this is test1")
            assert 1==1
        @pytest.mark.P0
        def test_2(selfs):
            print("this is test2")
            assert 1+2 ==3
    
    @pytest.mark.mandy
    @pytest.mark.P0
    class Test2(object):
        def test_3(self):
            print("this is test3")
            assert  3+1 ==4
    

    可以看到在脚本中加上了我们自定义的标签,如果向指定执行部分标签的用例执行方法:

    pytest -sq -m "P0" demo_mark.py  ---仅执行P0级的用例
    

    结果如下,和预期的一致,仅运行P0级的用例


    P0

    同时也支持一些逻辑

    pytest -sq -m "P0 and cm" demo_mark.py    ---运行cm模块的P0级用例
    

    预期结果:仅运行 test_2

    P0 and cm.png

    这一段,可以参考官网文档.

    也可以根据用例名称进行筛选 -k

    pytest -sq -k 2 demo_mark.py
    

    预期只会执行 名字中包含2 的用例,即执行 test_2 和 Test2


    image.png

    示例代码,参考github

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