Spring IOC-自动装配xml方式

作者: ssttIsme | 来源:发表于2019-03-03 17:22 被阅读0次

Spring IOC-自动装配xml方式
spring梳理（一）bean装配方式介绍
Spring装配Bean
Spring bean 自动装配、抽象、作用域、依赖、继承、使用
spring bean javaConfig方式配置
SpringBoot 和Spring的区别
Spring装配有三种方式
解释不同方式的自动装配。
解释不同方式的自动装配。
Spring学习笔记 | 详解bean的配置（二）：Spring

springIoc容器自动装配通过autowire实现bean之间的关联关系。简单地说
不用自己去写set注入或构造注入。

byType按被注入对象的类型相同的进行注入(为属性赋值调用set方法)
byName按与被注入对象id与set方法名相同的进行注入
constructor(与byType类似)按构造方法中被注入对象的类型相同的注入

项目结构

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ioc-autowire</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

spring-configs.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
      <bean id="dataSource" class="bean.DataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"></property>
        <property name="userName" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
      </bean>
      <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="bean.JdbcTemplate" autowire="byName">
      </bean>
</beans>

DataSource.java

package bean;

public class DataSource {
    private String driver;
    private String url;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    public DataSource() {
        System.out.println("DataSource.DataSource()");
    }
    
    public DataSource(String driver, String url, String userName, String password) {
        this.driver = driver;
        this.url = url;
        this.userName = userName;
        this.password = password;
        System.out.println("DataSource.DataSource(driver,url,userName,password)");
    }

    public String getDriver() {
        return driver;
    }
    public void setDriver(String driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }
    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }
    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "DataSource [driver=" + driver + ", url=" + url + ", userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password
                + "]";
    }

    
    

}

JdbcTemplate.java

package bean;

public class JdbcTemplate {
    private DataSource dataSource;

    public JdbcTemplate() {
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()");
    }

    public JdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate(dataSource)");
    }

    public DataSource getDataSource() {
        return dataSource;
    }

    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.setDataSource()");
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "JdbcTemplate [dataSource=" + dataSource + "]";
    }
    
    
}

TestIOCAutoWire.java

package test;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import bean.JdbcTemplate;

public class TestIOCAutoWire {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-configs.xml");
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate=ctx.getBean("jdbcTemplate",JdbcTemplate.class);
        System.out.println(jdbcTemplate);
        ctx.close();
    }
}

运行结果

DataSource.DataSource()
JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()
JdbcTemplate.setDataSource()
JdbcTemplate [dataSource=DataSource [driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, url=jdbc:mysql:///test, userName=root, password=root]]

如果spring-configs.xml这么配置，id改为dataSource1,autowire="constructor"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
      <bean id="dataSource1" class="bean.DataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"></property>
        <property name="userName" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
      </bean>
      <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="bean.JdbcTemplate" autowire="constructor">
      </bean>
</beans>

重新运行TestIOCAutoWire.java，运行结果如下

DataSource.DataSource()
JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate(dataSource)
JdbcTemplate [dataSource=DataSource [driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, url=jdbc:mysql:///test, userName=root, password=root]]

如果spring-configs.xml这么配置，id改为dataSource1,autowire="byType"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
      <bean id="dataSource1" class="bean.DataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"></property>
        <property name="userName" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
      </bean>
      <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="bean.JdbcTemplate" autowire="byType">
      </bean>
</beans>

重新运行TestIOCAutoWire.java，运行结果如下

DataSource.DataSource()
JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()
JdbcTemplate.setDataSource()
JdbcTemplate [dataSource=DataSource [driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, url=jdbc:mysql:///test, userName=root, password=root]]

如果spring-configs.xml这么配置，id改为dataSource1,autowire="byName"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
      <bean id="dataSource1" class="bean.DataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"></property>
        <property name="userName" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
      </bean>
      <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="bean.JdbcTemplate" autowire="byName">
      </bean>
</beans>

运行结果如下

DataSource.DataSource()
JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()
JdbcTemplate [dataSource=null]

因为JdbcTemplate没有名为setDataSource1的setter方法,改造
JdbcTemplate.java为如下

package bean;

public class JdbcTemplate {
    private DataSource dataSource;

    public JdbcTemplate() {
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()");
    }

    public JdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate(dataSource)");
    }

    public DataSource getDataSource() {
        return dataSource;
    }

    public void setDataSource1(DataSource dataSource) {
        System.out.println("JdbcTemplate.setDataSource()");
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "JdbcTemplate [dataSource=" + dataSource + "]";
    }
    
    
}

测试成功，结果如下

DataSource.DataSource()
JdbcTemplate.JdbcTemplate()
JdbcTemplate.setDataSource()
JdbcTemplate [dataSource=DataSource [driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, url=jdbc:mysql:///test, userName=root, password=root]]

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