Python requests库完成接口请求

前言：1. 安装python2/3 （建议Python3）
2.安装一个PyCharm工具写脚本

1. 安装requests

pip install requests

虫师的requests库学习文档

2. requests是啥？

3. requests Get请求
简单的get请求

import requests

url = "https://www.v2ex.com/api/topics/hot.json"
# 发送无参数的get请求获取响应结果，响应结果有三种格式html、text、json，默认返回的是html格式
res = requests.get(url)
# 获取请求头
print(res.request.headers)
# 获取状态码
print(res.status_code)
# 获取cookies
print(res.cookies)

带参数的get请求

import requests
url = 'https://www.v2ex.com/api/nodes/show.json'
params = {
    "name":"java"
}
res = requests.get(url,params)

发送带cookies的请求

import requests
url = "https://www.test/_login"
params = {'username':'living',
          'password':'123123'}
res = requests.get(url,params)
# 获取登陆成功后cookies
cookies = res.cookies
# 添加订单接口
orderurl = 'https://www.test/apply/action/order'
orderparam = {'phone':1831945110'',
          'orderid':'382761'}
orderres = requests.get(url,params,cookies=cookies)

发送带定制头的请求

import requests
url = 'https://www.v2ex.com/api/nodes/show.json'
# 参数一般都是以字典格式发送
params = { "name":"java"}
herder = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/6.0'}
res = requests.post(url,params,herder = herder)

4. requests POST请求

import requests
url = ' http://127.0.0.1:8080/test/index/login'
payparam = {'phone':'1831945110', 'orderid':'382761'}
res = requests.post(url,params)
print(res.json())

5. 封装get & post请求

import requests

class HttpRequest:
    def __init__(self,url,param):
        self.url = url
        self.param = param

    def httprequest(self,method,cookies=None):

        if method.upper() == 'GET':
            try:
                res = requests.get(self.url,self.param,cookies=cookies)
            except Exception as e:
                print("执行get请求报错：",format(e))
                res = 'Error:get请求报错{0}'.format(e)
        elif method.upper() == 'POST':
            try:
                res = requests.post(self.url,self.param,cookies=cookies)
            except Exception as e:
                print("执行post请求报错：",format(e))
                res = 'Error:post请求报错{0}'.format(e)

        else:
            print("错误的请求")
            res = 'Error:错误的请求报错{0}'.format(method)

        return res


    #调用
if __name__ == '__main__':
    res  = HttpRequest('https://www.v2ex.com/api/nodes/show.json',{'name':'java'}).httprequest('get')
    print(res.json())