1 使用OpenStack CLI
1.1 配置OpenStack CLI的环境变量
步骤一：source /opt/stack/nova/tools/nova-manage.bash_completion
步骤二：source /opt/devstack/openrc admin admin，其中第一个admin代表租户，第二个admin代表用户；也可以使用demo demo来执行上述命令。
stack@henry-desktop:/opt/devstack$ source /opt/stack/nova/tools/nova-manage.bash_completion
stack@henry-desktop:/opt/devstack$ ls -l openrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack 4033 5月 1 23:16 openrc
stack@henry-desktop:/opt/devstack$ source openrc admin admin
WARNING: setting legacy OS_TENANT_NAME to support cli tools.
执行一条命令测试设置是否成功
stack@henry-desktop:~$ glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 298a9699-0ac3-4ad1-a026-905250d2aeb4 | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
1.2 使用nova boot启动一个新实例
stack@henry-desktop:~$ nova help boot
usage: nova boot [--flavor <flavor>] [--image <image>]
[--image-with <key=value>] [--boot-volume <volume_id>]
[--snapshot <snapshot_id>] [--min-count <number>]
[--max-count <number>] [--meta <key=value>]
[--key-name <key-name>] [--user-data <user-data>]
[--availability-zone <availability-zone>]
[--security-groups <security-groups>]
[--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>]
[--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]]
[--swap <swap_size>]
[--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]]
[--hint <key=value>]
[--nic <auto,none,net-id=net-uuid,net-name=network-name,port-id=port-uuid,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,v6-fixed-ip=ip-addr,tag=tag>]
[--config-drive <value>] [--poll] [--admin-pass <value>]
[--access-ip-v4 <value>] [--access-ip-v6 <value>]
[--description <description>] [--tags <tags>]
[--return-reservation-id]
<name>
Boot a new server.
Positional arguments:
<name> Name for the new server.
Optional arguments:
--flavor <flavor> Name or ID of flavor (see 'nova flavor-list').
--image <image> Name or ID of image (see 'glance image-list').
--image-with <key=value> Image metadata property (see 'glance image-
show').
--boot-volume <volume_id> Volume ID to boot from.
--snapshot <snapshot_id> Snapshot ID to boot from (will create a
volume).
--min-count <number> Boot at least <number> servers (limited by
quota).
--max-count <number> Boot up to <number> servers (limited by
quota).
--meta <key=value> Record arbitrary key/value metadata to
/meta_data.json on the metadata server. Can be
specified multiple times.
--key-name <key-name> Key name of keypair that should be created
earlier with the command keypair-add.
--user-data <user-data> user data file to pass to be exposed by the
metadata server.
--availability-zone <availability-zone>
The availability zone for server placement.
--security-groups <security-groups>
Comma separated list of security group names.
--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>
Block device mapping in the format <dev-
name>=<id>:<type>:<size(GiB)>:<delete-on-
terminate>.
--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]
Block device mapping with the keys: id=UUID
(image_id, snapshot_id or volume_id only if
using source image, snapshot or volume)
source=source type (image, snapshot, volume or
blank), dest=destination type of the block
device (volume or local), bus=device's bus
(e.g. uml, lxc, virtio, ...; if omitted,
hypervisor driver chooses a suitable default,
honoured only if device type is supplied)
type=device type (e.g. disk, cdrom, ...;
defaults to 'disk') device=name of the device
(e.g. vda, xda, ...; if omitted, hypervisor
driver chooses suitable device depending on
selected bus; note the libvirt driver always
uses default device names), size=size of the
block device in MB(for swap) and in GiB(for
other formats) (if omitted, hypervisor driver
calculates size), format=device will be
formatted (e.g. swap, ntfs, ...; optional),
bootindex=integer used for ordering the boot
disks (for image backed instances it is equal
to 0, for others need to be specified),
shutdown=shutdown behaviour (either preserve
or remove, for local destination set to
remove) and tag=device metadata tag
(optional). (Supported by API versions '2.42'
- '2.latest')
--swap <swap_size> Create and attach a local swap block device of
<swap_size> MB.
--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]
Create and attach a local ephemeral block
device of <size> GiB and format it to
<format>.
--hint <key=value> Send arbitrary key/value pairs to the
scheduler for custom use.
--nic <auto,none,net-id=net-uuid,net-name=network-name,port-id=port-uuid,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,v6-fixed-ip=ip-addr,tag=tag>
Create a NIC on the server. Specify option
multiple times to create multiple nics unless
using the special 'auto' or 'none' values.
auto: automatically allocate network resources
if none are available. This cannot be
specified with any other nic value and cannot
be specified multiple times. none: do not
attach a NIC at all. This cannot be specified
with any other nic value and cannot be
specified multiple times. net-id: attach NIC
to network with a specific UUID. net-name:
attach NIC to network with this name (either
port-id or net-id or net-name must be
provided), v4-fixed-ip: IPv4 fixed address for
NIC (optional), v6-fixed-ip: IPv6 fixed
address for NIC (optional), port-id: attach
NIC to port with this UUID tag: interface
metadata tag (optional) (either port-id or
net-id must be provided). (Supported by API
versions '2.42' - '2.latest')
--config-drive <value> Enable config drive.
--poll Report the new server boot progress until it
completes.
--admin-pass <value> Admin password for the instance.
--access-ip-v4 <value> Alternative access IPv4 of the instance.
--access-ip-v6 <value> Alternative access IPv6 of the instance.
--description <description> Description for the server. (Supported by API
versions '2.19' - '2.latest')
--tags <tags> Tags for the server.Tags must be separated by
commas: --tags <tag1,tag2> (Supported by API
versions '2.52' - '2.latest')
--return-reservation-id Return a reservation id bound to created
servers.
stack@henry-desktop:~$ nova flavor-list
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | Description |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 42 | m1.nano | 64 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True | - |
| 84 | m1.micro | 128 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| c1 | cirros256 | 256 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| d1 | ds512M | 512 | 5 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| d2 | ds1G | 1024 | 10 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | - |
| d3 | ds2G | 2048 | 10 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | - |
| d4 | ds4G | 4096 | 20 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | - |
+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
stack@henry-desktop:~$ glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 298a9699-0ac3-4ad1-a026-905250d2aeb4 | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+
stack@henry-desktop:~$ nova boot --flavor 1 --image 298a9699-0ac3-4ad1-a026-905250d2aeb4 test-instance
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | test-instance |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | 0 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | r-t6n7cxny |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | dRGbLFjWfy7B |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2018-05-03T04:47:24Z |
| description | - |
| flavor:disk | 1 |
| flavor:ephemeral | 0 |
| flavor:extra_specs | {} |
| flavor:original_name | m1.tiny |
| flavor:ram | 512 |
| flavor:swap | 0 |
| flavor:vcpus | 1 |
| hostId | |
| host_status | |
| id | 54ec6256-edff-46cf-84c8-73322f373c64 |
| image | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk (298a9699-0ac3-4ad1-a026-905250d2aeb4) |
| key_name | - |
| locked | False |
| metadata | {} |
| name | test-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tags | [] |
| tenant_id | 3acd3cdedc3148d9970a0259b399105b |
| updated | 2018-05-03T04:47:28Z |
| user_id | 2a18d1b3de8548a7b0f19a3a21ebf877 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
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