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5-2 【搭了个框架】APP首页框架搭建-Scaffold与PageView
APP首页框架搭建
- 实现首页导航需要哪些材料？
- 什么是Scaffold widget？
- 什么是PageView？
- 实现首页导航
实现首页导航需要哪些材料?
-
Scaffold
- BottomNavigationBar
-
PageView
- PageController
什么是Scaffold widget？
Scaffold是一个实现了基本的material design的布局结构。
class Scaffold extends StatefulWidget {
/// Creates a visual scaffold for material design widgets.
const Scaffold({
Key key,
this.appBar,
this.body,
this.floatingActionButton,
this.floatingActionButtonLocation,
this.floatingActionButtonAnimator,
this.persistentFooterButtons,
this.drawer,
this.endDrawer,
this.bottomNavigationBar,
this.bottomSheet,
this.backgroundColor,
this.resizeToAvoidBottomPadding = true,
this.primary = true,
}) : assert(primary != null), super(key: key);
...
顶部导航
image
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
class TabbedAppBarSample extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
home: DefaultTabController(
length: choices.length,
child: Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: const Text('Tabbed AppBar'),
bottom: TabBar(
isScrollable: true,
tabs: choices.map((Choice choice) {
return Tab(
text: choice.title,
icon: Icon(choice.icon),
);
}).toList(),
),
),
body: TabBarView(
children: choices.map((Choice choice) {
return Padding(
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
child: ChoiceCard(choice: choice),
);
}).toList(),
),
),
),
);
}
}
class Choice {
const Choice({this.title, this.icon});
final String title;
final IconData icon;
}
const List<Choice> choices = const <Choice>[
const Choice(title: 'CAR', icon: Icons.directions_car),
const Choice(title: 'BICYCLE', icon: Icons.directions_bike),
const Choice(title: 'BOAT', icon: Icons.directions_boat),
const Choice(title: 'BUS', icon: Icons.directions_bus),
const Choice(title: 'TRAIN', icon: Icons.directions_railway),
const Choice(title: 'WALK', icon: Icons.directions_walk),
];
class ChoiceCard extends StatelessWidget {
const ChoiceCard({Key key, this.choice}) : super(key: key);
final Choice choice;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
final TextStyle textStyle = Theme.of(context).textTheme.display1;
return Card(
color: Colors.white,
child: Center(
child: Column(
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
Icon(choice.icon, size: 128.0, color: textStyle.color),
Text(choice.title, style: textStyle),
],
),
),
);
}
}
void main() {
runApp(TabbedAppBarSample());
}
底部导航菜单
image
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_app/pages/home_page.dart';
import 'package:flutter_app/pages/my_page.dart';
import 'package:flutter_app/pages/search_page.dart';
import 'package:flutter_app/pages/travel_page.dart';
class TabNavigator extends StatefulWidget {
@override
_TabNavigatorState createState() => _TabNavigatorState();
}
class _TabNavigatorState extends State<TabNavigator>
with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
final _defaultColor = Colors.grey;
final _activeColor = Colors.blue;
int _currentIndex = 0;
var _controller = PageController(
initialPage: 0,
);
@override
void dispose() {
super.dispose();
_controller.dispose();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
body: PageView(
controller: _controller,
children: <Widget>[HomePage(), SearchPage(), TravelPage(), MyPage()],
physics: NeverScrollableScrollPhysics(),
),
bottomNavigationBar: BottomNavigationBar(
currentIndex: _currentIndex,
onTap: (index) {
_controller.jumpToPage(index);
setState(() {
_currentIndex = index;
});
},
type: BottomNavigationBarType.fixed,
items: [
BottomNavigationBarItem(
icon: Icon(
Icons.home,
color: _defaultColor,
),
activeIcon: Icon(
Icons.home,
color: _activeColor,
),
title: Text(
'首页',
style: TextStyle(
color: _currentIndex != 0 ? _defaultColor : _activeColor),
),
),
BottomNavigationBarItem(
icon: Icon(
Icons.search,
color: _defaultColor,
),
activeIcon: Icon(
Icons.search,
color: _activeColor,
),
title: Text(
'搜索',
style: TextStyle(
color: _currentIndex != 1 ? _defaultColor : _activeColor),
)),
BottomNavigationBarItem(
icon: Icon(
Icons.camera_alt,
color: _defaultColor,
),
activeIcon: Icon(
Icons.camera_alt,
color: _activeColor,
),
title: Text(
'旅拍',
style: TextStyle(
color: _currentIndex != 2 ? _defaultColor : _activeColor),
)),
BottomNavigationBarItem(
icon: Icon(
Icons.account_circle,
color: _defaultColor,
),
activeIcon: Icon(
Icons.account_circle,
color: _activeColor,
),
title: Text(
'我的',
style: TextStyle(
color: _currentIndex != 3 ? _defaultColor : _activeColor),
)),
],
),
);
}
}
侧拉栏菜单
image
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
void main() => runApp(MyApp());
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
final appTitle = 'Drawer Demo';
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: appTitle,
home: MyHomePage(title: appTitle),
);
}
}
class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
final String title;
MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text(title)),
body: Center(child: Text('My Page!')),
drawer: Drawer(
// Add a ListView to the drawer. This ensures the user can scroll
// through the options in the Drawer if there isn't enough vertical
// space to fit everything.
child: ListView(
// Important: Remove any padding from the ListView.
padding: EdgeInsets.zero,
children: <Widget>[
DrawerHeader(
child: Text('Drawer Header'),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color: Colors.blue,
),
),
ListTile(
title: Text('Item 1'),
onTap: () {
// Update the state of the app
// ...
// Then close the drawer
Navigator.pop(context);
},
),
ListTile(
title: Text('Item 2'),
onTap: () {
// Update the state of the app
// ...
// Then close the drawer
Navigator.pop(context);
},
),
],
),
),
);
}
}
什么是PageView？
PageView是一个可以完成页面之间滚动的widget。 类似于Android中的ViewPager
class PageView extends StatefulWidget {
PageView({
Key key,
this.scrollDirection = Axis.horizontal, //滚动的方向，支持水平和垂直两个方向
this.reverse = false, //是否反方向滚动
PageController controller, //PageView的控制类
this.physics, //手势滚动逻辑，支持不滚动，总是滚动，与滚动到边缘时是否有bounce
this.pageSnapping = true,//设置为false以禁用页面捕捉，对自定义滚动行为很有用。
this.onPageChanged,//页面切换时调用
List<Widget> children = const <Widget>[],
}) : controller = controller ?? _defaultPageController,
childrenDelegate = SliverChildListDelegate(children),
super(key: key);
...
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