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Android 进程管理篇(四)-cpu限制

Android 进程管理篇(四)-cpu限制

作者: Stan_Z | 来源:发表于2019-08-18 13:23 被阅读66次

    梳理Process进程相关知识点,再继续补充点内容。

    Linux系统中对进程的管理无非是从调度策略、优先级以及CPU限制三个角度进行配置与管理,那么Android中主要是通过AMS来管理应用程序进程的,是不是也是从这三个方面进行管理的呢?答案是肯定的,那么本篇文章先来看看cpuset负载均衡在AMS中是如何应用的。

    一、cpuset介绍

    cpuset是Linux cgroup子系统,它为cgroup任务分配单独的CPU和内存。单独分配CPU即表明进程可调度cpu范围。cpu按不同的芯片,大小核数目和频率都有差别,大核频率高处理速度相对比小核快,而Android系统实际上还是响应优先于吞吐的交互型系统,因此Android AMS对进程管理于不同优先级的进程在调度cpu限制上会做有一些策略,以保证更好的交互响应。

    二、进程的cpuset设置

    还是回到AMS中与adj相关的有三个方法,这三个方法值得看一万遍,每一遍都会有新收获:

    • updateOomAdjLocked:在进程组件生命周期变化时更新adj,然后分别执行以下两个方法
    • computeOomAdjLocked:计算adj
    • applyOomAdjLocked:应用adj

    聚焦到computeOomAdjLocked方法,该方法主要是根据进程的四大组件状态决定当前进程的adj优先级。

    frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
    
    private final int computeOomAdjLocked(ProcessRecord app, int cachedAdj, ProcessRecord TOP_APP, boolean doingAll, long now) {
    ...
    if (app.maxAdj <= ProcessList.FOREGROUND_APP_ADJ) {
    ...
        if (app == TOP_APP) {
    …   //以top app为例
            app.curSchedGroup = ProcessList.SCHED_GROUP_TOP_APP;
     ...
        } 
    ...
    }
    

    以TOP_APP为例,这里ProcessRecord 的curSchedGroup属性对应的是cup调度组,而在后续applyOomAdjLocked中会执行Process的setProcessGroup方法。

    frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
    
    import static android.os.Process.setProcessGroup;
    private final boolean applyOomAdjLocked(ProcessRecord app, boolean doingAll, long now,
            long nowElapsed) {
    ...
    setProcessGroup(app.pid, processGroup);
    ...
    }
    

    调用Process的setProcessGroup方法

    frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Process.java
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT = -1;
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_BG_NONINTERACTIVE = 0;
    private static final int THREAD_GROUP_FOREGROUND = 1;
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_SYSTEM = 2;
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_AUDIO_APP = 3;
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_AUDIO_SYS = 4;
    public static final int THREAD_GROUP_TOP_APP = 5;
    ...
    public static final native void setProcessGroup(int pid, int group)
            throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
    

    setProcessGroup是个native方法,并且这里分了若干类型的group,这里看top app优先级是最高的。接着jni到native

    frameworks/base/core/jni/android_util_Process.cpp
    
    void android_os_Process_setProcessGroup(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, int pid, jint grp)
    {
    ...
        if ((grp == SP_FOREGROUND) || (grp > SP_MAX)) {
            signalExceptionForGroupError(env, EINVAL, pid);
            return;
        }
        bool isDefault = false;
        if (grp < 0) {
            grp = SP_FOREGROUND; //SP_FOREGROUND = 1
            isDefault = true;
        }
        SchedPolicy sp = (SchedPolicy) grp;
    ...
            if (cpusets_enabled()) {
                // set both cpuset and cgroup for general threads
                err = set_cpuset_policy(t_pid, sp);
    ...
            }
    ...
    }
    

    这里直接调用sched_policy.cpp的set_cpuset_policy,并传入对应的pid和SchedPolicy

    system/core/libcutils/sched_policy.cpp
    
    int set_cpuset_policy(int tid, SchedPolicy policy)
    {
        // in the absence of cpusets, use the old sched policy
        if (!cpusets_enabled()) {//这里要注意,如果cpusets_enabled为false的话,会走set_sched_policy
            return set_sched_policy(tid, policy);
        }
        if (tid == 0) {
            tid = gettid();
        }
        policy = _policy(policy);
        pthread_once(&the_once, __initialize);
        int fd = -1;
        int boost_fd = -1;
        switch (policy) {
        case SP_BACKGROUND:
            fd = bg_cpuset_fd;
            boost_fd = bg_schedboost_fd;
            break;
        case SP_FOREGROUND:
        case SP_AUDIO_APP:
        case SP_AUDIO_SYS:
            fd = fg_cpuset_fd;
            boost_fd = fg_schedboost_fd;
            break;
        case SP_TOP_APP :
            fd = ta_cpuset_fd;
            boost_fd = ta_schedboost_fd;
            break;
        case SP_SYSTEM:
            fd = system_bg_cpuset_fd;
            break;
        default:
            boost_fd = fd = -1;
            break;
        }
        if (add_tid_to_cgroup(tid, fd) != 0) {
            if (errno != ESRCH && errno != ENOENT)
                return -errno;
        }
        if (schedboost_enabled()) {
            if (boost_fd > 0 && add_tid_to_cgroup(tid, boost_fd) != 0) {
                if (errno != ESRCH && errno != ENOENT)
                    return -errno;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    

    这里主要就是通过policy对应具体的fd句柄,然后通过add_tid_to_cgroup()写cpuset对应节点。这里要注意,如果cpusets_enabled为false的话,会走set_sched_policy,这部分下篇会讲到。
    看看对应的fd是什么:

    static void __initialize() {
        const char* filename;
        if (cpusets_enabled()) {
            if (!access("/dev/cpuset/tasks", W_OK)) {
                filename = "/dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks”; //这里对应的是cpuset路径
                fg_cpuset_fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
                filename = "/dev/cpuset/background/tasks";
                bg_cpuset_fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
                filename = "/dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks";
                system_bg_cpuset_fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
                filename = "/dev/cpuset/top-app/tasks";
                ta_cpuset_fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
            }
        }
    ...
    }
    

    那我们来看看对应节点是什么内容:

    /dev/cpuset # ls -al                                                                                                                                                                               
    drwxr-xr-x  2 system       system          0 1970-05-22 03:35 background
    drwxr-xr-x  2 system       system          0 1970-05-22 03:35 foreground
    drwxr-xr-x  2 system       system          0 1970-05-22 03:35 top-app
    

    然后看看对应的cpuset配置:

    /dev/cpuset # cat top-app/cpus                                                                                                                                                                   
    0-7
    /dev/cpuset # cat foreground/cpus
    0-2,4-7
    /dev/cpuset # cat background/cpus                                                                                                                                                                  
    0-2
    

    显然,top app 满核随便跑,foreground跑在除了3这个核以外的所有核上, 而background只能跑在小核上。

    三、cpuset配置点

    不同芯片平台配置会有差别。

    # cpuset parameters
    echo 0-2     > /dev/cpuset/background/cpus
    echo 0-2,4-7 > /dev/cpuset/foreground/cpus
    echo 0-7     > /dev/cpuset/top-app/cpus
    

    四、cpuset开关

    kernel/msm-4.14/arch/arm64/configs/XXXX
    CONFIG_CPUSETS=y //打开cpuset
    

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