Masonry的使用

（一）Masonry介绍

Masonry是一个轻量级的布局框架 拥有自己的描述语法 采用更优雅的链式语法封装自动布局 简洁明了 并具有高可读性 而且同时支持 iOS 和 Max OS X。 Masonry是一个用代码写iOS或os界面的库，可以代替Auto layout。 Masonry的github地址：https://github.com/SnapKit/Masonry

本章内容

Masonry配置

Masonry使用

Masonry实例

Masonry配置

推荐使用pods方式引入类库，pod ‘Masonry’，若不知道pod如何使用，情况我的另一篇文章：提高iOS开发效率的工具

引入头文件 #import “Masonry.h”

Masonry使用讲解

mas_makeConstraints 是给view添加约束，约束有几种，分别是边距，宽，高，左上右下距离，基准线。添加过约束后可以有修正，修正 有offset（位移）修正和multipliedBy（倍率）修正

语法一般是 make.equalTo or make.greaterThanOrEqualTo or make.lessThanOrEqualTo + 倍数和位移修正

注意点1： 使用 mas_makeConstraints方法的元素必须事先添加到父元素的中，例如[self.view addSubview:view];

注意点2： mas_equalTo 和 equalTo 区别：mas_equalTo 比equalTo多了类型转换操作，一般来说，大多数时候两个方法都是 通用的，但是对于数值元素使用mas_equalTo。对于对象或是多个属性的处理，使用equalTo。特别是多个属性时，必须使用equalTo,例如 make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);

注意点3: 注意到方法with和and,这连个方法其实没有做任何操作，方法只是返回对象本身，这这个方法的左右完全是为了方法写的时候的可读性 。make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);和make.left.right.equalTo(self.view);是完全一样的，但是明显的加了and方法的语句可读性 更好点。

Masonry初级使用例子

// exp1: 中心点与self.view相同，宽度为400*400

-(void)exp1{

UIView *view = [UIView new];

[view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];

[self.view addSubview:view];

[view mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.center.equalTo(self.view);

make.size.mas_equalTo(CGSizeMake(400,400));

}];

}

//exp2: 上下左右边距都为10

-(void)exp2{

UIView *view = [UIView new];

[view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];

[self.view addSubview:view];

[view mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.edges.equalTo(self.view).with.insets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(10, 10, 10, 10));

//  make.left.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

//  make.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(-10);

//  make.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

//  make.bottom.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(-10);

}];

}

//exp3 让两个高度为150的view垂直居中且等宽且等间隔排列 间隔为10

-(void)exp3{

UIView *view1 = [UIView new];

[view1 setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];

[self.view addSubview:view1];

UIView *view2 = [UIView new];

[view2 setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];

[self.view addSubview:view2];

[view1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.centerY.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_centerY);

make.height.mas_equalTo(150);

make.width.mas_equalTo(view2.mas_width);

make.left.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);

make.right.mas_equalTo(view2.mas_left).offset(-10);

}];

[view2 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.centerY.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_centerY);

make.height.mas_equalTo(150);

make.width.mas_equalTo(view1.mas_width);

make.left.mas_equalTo(view1.mas_right).with.offset(10);

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).offset(-10);

}];

}

Masonry例子-计算器布局

//高级布局练习 iOS自带计算器布局

-(void)exp4{

//申明区域，displayView是显示区域，keyboardView是键盘区域

UIView *displayView = [UIView new];

[displayView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[self.view addSubview:displayView];

UIView *keyboardView = [UIView new];

[self.view addSubview:keyboardView];

//先按1：3分割 displView（显示结果区域）和 keyboardView（键盘区域）

[displayView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(self.view.mas_top);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);

make.height.equalTo(keyboardView).multipliedBy(0.3f);

}];

[keyboardView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(displayView.mas_bottom);

make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);

}];

//设置显示位置的数字为0

UILabel *displayNum = [[UILabel alloc]init];

[displayView addSubview:displayNum];

displayNum.text = @"0";

displayNum.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:70];

displayNum.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

displayNum.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentRight;

[displayNum mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.and.right.equalTo(displayView).with.offset(-10);

make.bottom.equalTo(displayView).with.offset(-10);

}];

//定义键盘键名称，？号代表合并的单元格

NSArray *keys = @[@"AC",@"+/-",@"%",@"÷"

,@"7",@"8",@"9",@"x"

,@"4",@"5",@"6",@"-"

,@"1",@"2",@"3",@"+"

,@"0",@"?",@".",@"="];

int indexOfKeys = 0;

for (NSString *key in keys){

//循环所有键

indexOfKeys++;

int rowNum = indexOfKeys %4 ==0? indexOfKeys/4:indexOfKeys/4 +1;

int colNum = indexOfKeys %4 ==0? 4 :indexOfKeys %4;

NSLog(@"index is:%d and row:%d,col:%d",indexOfKeys,rowNum,colNum);

//键样式

UIButton *keyView = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

[keyboardView addSubview:keyView];

[keyView setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[keyView setTitle:key forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[keyView.layer setBorderWidth:1];

[keyView.layer setBorderColor:[[UIColor blackColor]CGColor]];

[keyView.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Arial-BoldItalicMT" size:30]];

//键约束

[keyView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

//处理 0 合并单元格

if([key isEqualToString:@"0"] || [key isEqualToString:@"?"] ){

if([key isEqualToString:@"0"]){

[keyView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.height.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_height).with.multipliedBy(.2f);

make.width.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_width).multipliedBy(.5);

make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_left);

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.9f);

}];

}if([key isEqualToString:@"?"]){

[keyView removeFromSuperview];

}

}

//正常的单元格

else{

make.width.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_width).with.multipliedBy(.25f);

make.height.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_height).with.multipliedBy(.2f);

//按照行和列添加约束，这里添加行约束

switch (rowNum) {

case 1:

{

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.1f);

keyView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:205 green:205 blue:205 alpha:1];

}

break;

case 2:

{

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.3f);

}

break;

case 3:

{

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.5f);

}

break;

case 4:

{

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.7f);

}

break;

case 5:

{

make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.9f);

}

break;

default:

break;

}

//按照行和列添加约束，这里添加列约束

switch (colNum) {

case 1:

{

make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_left);

}

break;

case 2:

{

make.right.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_centerX);

}

break;

case 3:

{

make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_centerX);

}

break;

case 4:

{

make.right.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_right);

[keyView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:243 green:127 blue:38 alpha:1]];

}

break;

default:

break;

}

}

}];

}

}

本例子使用的baseline去控制高度位置，这似乎不是太准，如果想要精准控制高度位置，可以使用一行一行添加的方法，每次当前行的top去equelTo上一行的bottom。 给个提示：

for（遍历所有行)

for（遍历所以列）

//当前行约束根据上一行去设置

......

下一个例子中，使用上面类似的方法

Masonry高级使用例子2

根据设计图，使用masonry布局：

步骤1

步骤2

代码下载

步骤1

-(void)createUI{

UIView *titleView = [UIView new];

titleView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];

UIView *caredView = [UIView new];

[self.view addSubview:caredView];

UIView *brifeView = [UIView new];

[self.view addSubview:brifeView];

//self.view

self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.965 alpha:1.000];

//thrm

UIImageView *plantThrm = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"defalutPlantReferenceIcon"]];

[self.view addSubview:plantThrm];

[plantThrm mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.and.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

}];

//title

[self.view addSubview:titleView];

UIImageView *bgTitleView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg-plant-reference-title"]];

[titleView addSubview:bgTitleView];

[titleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right);

make.left.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_right).with.offset(20);

make.centerY.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_centerY);

}];

[bgTitleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.edges.equalTo(titleView);

}];

UILabel *title = [[UILabel alloc]init];

title.textColor =  [UIColor whiteColor];

title.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:26];

title.text = _reference.name;

[titleView addSubview:title];

[title mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(titleView.mas_left).offset(10);

make.width.equalTo(titleView.mas_width);

make.centerY.equalTo(titleView.mas_centerY);

}];

//植物养护

UILabel *caredTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];

caredTitle.textColor =  [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];

caredTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];

caredTitle.text = @"植物养护";

[self.view addSubview:caredTitle];

[caredTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

make.height.mas_equalTo(10);

}];

//将图层的边框设置为圆脚

caredView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;

caredView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

//给图层添加一个有色边框

caredView.layer.borderWidth = 1;

caredView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];

caredView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

[caredView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(caredTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);

make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);

make.height.equalTo(brifeView);

}];

//植物简介

UILabel *brifeTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];

brifeTitle.textColor =  [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];

brifeTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];

brifeTitle.text = @"植物简介";

[self.view addSubview:brifeTitle];

[brifeTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(caredView.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

make.height.mas_equalTo(10);

}];

//将图层的边框设置为圆脚

brifeView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;

brifeView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

//给图层添加一个有色边框

brifeView.layer.borderWidth = 1;

brifeView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];

brifeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

[brifeView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(brifeTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);

make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);

make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom).with.offset(-10);

make.height.equalTo(caredView);

}];

}

完成之后如下图

步骤2,在上面的基础上，增加植物养护部分ui构造的代码，思想是，先构造出四行，然后根据每行单独构造出行样式。

//把块拆分为四行

-(void)createIndexUIWithView:(UIView *)view{

//拆分四行

UIView *row1 = [UIView new];

UIView *row2 = [UIView new];

UIView *row3 = [UIView new];

UIView *row4 = [UIView new];

[view addSubview:row1];

[view addSubview:row2];

[view addSubview:row3];

[view addSubview:row4];

[row1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);

make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);

make.top.equalTo(view.mas_top);

}];

[row2 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);

make.top.equalTo(row1.mas_bottom);

make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);

}];

[row3 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.equalTo(view.mas_right);

make.top.equalTo(row2.mas_bottom);

make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_left);

}];

[row4 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);

make.top.equalTo(row3.mas_bottom);

make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);

}];

[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceWaterIndex withUIView:row1];

[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceSumIndex withUIView:row2];

[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceTemperatureIndex withUIView:row3];

[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceElectrolyteIndex withUIView:row4];

}

//构造每行的UI

-(void)createIndexRowUI:(PlantReferenceIndex) index withUIView:(UIView *)view{

//index标题

UILabel *indexTitle = [UILabel new];

indexTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:14];

indexTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.326 alpha:1.000];

[view addSubview:indexTitle];

[indexTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_left).with.offset(20);

make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);

}];

switch (index) {

case PlantReferenceWaterIndex:

{

indexTitle.text = @"水分";

UIImageView * current;

for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){

if(i<_reference.waterIndex){

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_water_light"]];

}else{

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_water_dark"]];

}

[view addSubview:current];

//间距12%，左边留空30%

[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);

make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);

}];

}

}

break;

case PlantReferenceSumIndex:

{

indexTitle.text = @"光照";

UIImageView * current;

for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){

if(i<_reference.temperatureIndex){

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_summer_light"]];

}else{

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_summer_dark"]];

}

[view addSubview:current];

//间距12%，左边留空30%

[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);

make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);

}];

}

}

break;

case PlantReferenceTemperatureIndex:

{

indexTitle.text = @"温度";

UIImageView * current;

for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){

if(i<_reference.sumIndex){

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_temperature_light"]];

}else{

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_temperature_dark"]];

}

[view addSubview:current];

//间距12%，左边留空30%

[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);

make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);

}];

}

}

break;

case PlantReferenceElectrolyteIndex:

{

indexTitle.text = @"肥料";

UIImageView * current;

for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){

if(i<_reference.electrolyteIndex){

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_electolyte_light"]];

}else{

current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_electolyte_dark"]];

}

[view addSubview:current];

//间距12%，左边留空30%

[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);

make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);

}];

}

}

break;

default:

break;

}

}

//在步骤1createui的基础上，做了一些微调。

-(void)createUI{

self.title = _reference.name;

UIView *titleView = [UIView new];

UIView *caredView = [UIView new];

[self.view addSubview:caredView];

UITextView *brifeView = [UITextView new];

[self.view addSubview:brifeView];

//self.view

self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.965 alpha:1.000];

//thrm

UIImageView *plantThrm = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"defalutPlantReferenceIcon"]];

[self.view addSubview:plantThrm];

[plantThrm mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.and.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

}];

//title

[self.view addSubview:titleView];

UIImageView *bgTitleView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg-plant-reference-title"]];

[titleView addSubview:bgTitleView];

[titleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right);

make.left.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_right).with.offset(20);

make.centerY.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_centerY);

}];

[bgTitleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.edges.equalTo(titleView);

}];

UILabel *title = [[UILabel alloc]init];

title.textColor =  [UIColor whiteColor];

title.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:26];

title.text = _reference.name;

[titleView addSubview:title];

[title mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.left.equalTo(titleView.mas_left).offset(10);

make.width.equalTo(titleView.mas_width);

make.centerY.equalTo(titleView.mas_centerY);

}];

//植物养护

UILabel *caredTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];

caredTitle.textColor =  [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];

caredTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];

caredTitle.text = @"植物养护";

[self.view addSubview:caredTitle];

[caredTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

make.height.mas_equalTo(10);

}];

//植物养护 数据

[self createIndexUIWithView:caredView];

//将图层的边框设置为圆脚

caredView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;

caredView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

//给图层添加一个有色边框

caredView.layer.borderWidth = 1;

caredView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];

caredView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

[caredView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(caredTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);

make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);

make.height.equalTo(brifeView);

}];

//植物简介

UILabel *brifeTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];

brifeTitle.textColor =  [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];

brifeTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];

brifeTitle.text = @"植物简介";

[self.view addSubview:brifeTitle];

[brifeTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(caredView.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);

make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);

make.height.mas_equalTo(10);

}];

//将图层的边框设置为圆脚

brifeView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;

brifeView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

//给图层添加一个有色边框

brifeView.layer.borderWidth = 1;

brifeView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.447 alpha:1.000] CGColor];

brifeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

//文字样式

//    brifeView.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.352 alpha:1.000];

//    brifeView.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:12];

NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];

paragraphStyle.lineHeightMultiple = 20.f;

paragraphStyle.maximumLineHeight = 25.f;

paragraphStyle.minimumLineHeight = 15.f;

paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentJustified;

NSDictionary *attributes = @{ NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:12], NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle, NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.447 alpha:1.000]};

//植物简介数据

//brifeView.text = _reference.brief;

brifeView.attributedText = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString: _reference.brief attributes:attributes];

[brifeView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

make.top.equalTo(brifeTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);

make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);

make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);

make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom).with.offset(-10);

make.height.equalTo(caredView);

}];

}