Python升级3.6 强力Django+杀手级Xadmin打造

第2章 windows下搭建开发环境

• 介绍项目开发需要安装的开发软件、 python虚拟virtualenv和 virtualenvwrapper的安装和使用、 最后介绍pycharm和navicat的简单使用

2.2

• 安装virtualenvwrapper

pip install virtualenvwrapper-win

• 退出虚拟环境deactivate

第3章 通过留言版功能回顾django基础知识

• 通过django简单实现一个留言板功能来回顾django的基础知识， 包括settings的配置、 url配置、 view逻辑、 model设计和templates的显示

第4章 需求分析和model设计

• 对系统进行需求分析， 然后设计出django app， 然后对每个app设计相应的django model数据表。系统共有四个app， users处理用户相关；courses处理课程相关；organization处理课程机构相关；operation处理用户操作相关
• 更改数据库

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "mxonline",
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': "root",
        'HOST': "127.0.0.1"
    }
}

• 扩展Django自带的用户表,自定义自己的用户表.
• 输入命令行有两种方式.

1. tools-run manage.py Task

   
   manage.png
   

   在就是manage.py目录下输入全命令

manage.py runserver

2.更改MxOnline/users/models.py

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
# Create your models here.


class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
    birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u"")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m", default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

3.setting注册app.在MxOnline中
Django允许你通过修改setting.py文件中的 AUTH_USER_MODEL 设置覆盖默认的User模型，其值引用一个自定义的模型。

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

上面的值表示Django应用的名称（必须位于INSTALLLED_APPS中）和你想使用的User模型的名称。

4-3setting.png

4. ImageFiel需要安装pillow

pip install pillow

5. run-MxOnline
   提示

valueErrornomigrations.png

运行makemigrations users,下面是提示成功.

makemigrations.png

4-4

• 避免相互引用设计数据库

1数据库设计.png app设计完成.png

1. 更改MxOnline/users/models.py,增加EmailVerifyRecord,Banner类.

class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
    code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"验证码")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"邮箱")
    send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"验证码类型", choices=(("register",u"注册"),("forget",u"找回密码"), ("update_email",u"修改邮箱")), max_length=30)
    send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"发送时间", default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)

class Banner(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"标题")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"轮播图", max_length=100)
    url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"访问地址")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u"顺序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"轮播图"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

引包区域,1区python自带,2区,第三方包.3区,自己写的包.

4-5 courses

1. 新增app, courses

newcourses.png

2. 更改models.py

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Course(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u"课程描述")
    detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"课程详情")
    degree = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"难度", choices=(("cj","初级"), ("zj","中级"), ("gj","高级")), max_length=2)
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习时长(分钟数)")
    students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习人数')
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏人数')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"封面图", max_length=100)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class Lesson(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"章节名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"章节"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class Video(models.Model):
    lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name=u"章节")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"视频名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"视频"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class CourseResource(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"名称")
    download = models.FileField(upload_to="course/resource/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"资源文件", max_length=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程资源"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

4-6

微信截图_20171124134942.png

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class CityDict(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"城市")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"描述")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"城市"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name



class CourseOrg(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"机构名称")
    desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"机构描述")

    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="org/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"logo", max_length=100)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u"机构地址")
    city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u"所在城市")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程机构"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class Teacher(models.Model):
    org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u"所属机构")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教师名")
    work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"工作年限")
    work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"就职公司")
    work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"公司职位")
    points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教学特点")
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
    age = models.IntegerField(default=18, verbose_name=u"年龄")
    image = models.ImageField(default='', upload_to="teacher/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"头像", max_length=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"教师"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

4-7 operation models.py设计

微信截图_20171124140937.png

1. 创建startapp

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

from users.models import UserProfile
from courses.models import Course

# Create your models here.


class UserAsk(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"姓名")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u"手机")
    course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户咨询"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseComments(models.Model):
    "课程评论"
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"评论")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程评论"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserFavorite(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"数据id")
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1,"课程"),(2,"课程机构"),(3,"讲师")), default=1, verbose_name=u"收藏类型")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户收藏"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserMessage(models.Model):
    user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"接收用户")
    message = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u"消息内容")
    has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u"是否已读")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户消息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserCourse(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

3. setting,注册app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'users',
    'courses',
    'operation',
    'organization',

]

4-8

sourch root

命令行会报错,在setting中设置

import sys

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))

欠2图.