a. 冠词位置和读音 a,an,the 辅音用a,the 发 rze,元音用an 发rzi

b. 冠词的用法 将普通名词划分为可数名词或不可数名词是正确运用冠词的前提

c. 英语中四种泛指表达方式

i. 不可数名词不加冠词表泛指
ii. 复数名词不加冠词表示泛指
iii. The+国籍不加冠词表泛指（仅限于ese,sh,ch结尾的国籍）
iv. The+形容词不加冠词表泛指

d. 定冠词 the的特指用法

i. 情景/文化特指 说话者听话者共有的知识Einstein,the famous physicist

1. 一般常识 the North Pole,the Equator,the Mars,the Renaissance,the Pope
2. 具体指示 限定在较小的范围内 Do u know the library (特指的那个)
3. 及时情景用法 Those are the pistons. Can u find the page?

ii. 上下文共指

1. 直接前指

i. I have a car, the is very beautiful

2. 间接前指/话题与定冠词I read a great novel last week,The imagery was fantastic

e. 不定冠词a/an的用法

i. 用在主语中，表泛指 A tiger is a dangerous animal
ii. 用在表语中，表示分类，具有描述功能 Bill is an engineer
iii. 用在宾语中，具有所指功能 Don’t u have a tutor(说话者是不定指，听话者是定指)

f. 不定冠词a/an与数词 one

i. 强调数量“1”时用One
ii. 因为one强调数量，所以常用于准确的对照数字 A hundred grams of flour to one egg
iii. 讲故事中用one There is one place,boy
iv. 表示类指意义的a/an不能换成one A shotgun is no good. One shotgun is no good(第二句代表一把枪是不行的)
v. 表示度量的a/an不能换成One four times a day
vi. 表示数量的固定搭配中的a不能换成One a few , a little, a great many

g. 不定冠词a/an与this 当口头叙述中想强调某个人，某个地方或事，可以用this 代替a

h. 用不用冠词的意义区别

i. 家庭生活 at table, go to bed, in bed
ii. 处所、建筑物或社会事业机构 go to hospital, in hospital, come out of hospital, go to prison, be in/at church, go to/be in town
iii. 关于上学 go to school, in school, go to class , in class , go to college , at desk
iv. 关于sea的表达 go to sea, by sea, be at sea
v. 其他 in office, out of office, behind time, in red , by day, in secret, in front of, take place, out of question, men of age, keep house, with child

i. 其他用冠词的场合

i. 形容词、副词的最高级，序数词，以及Only用作形容词后接名词时，它们的前面一般要用the。 The only/best way, this is the first time
ii. 乐器、乐团、合唱团及流行音乐团体 加the , The beatles , learn the piano/gutar
iii. 定冠词the与姓氏+s 连用 ，表一族人
iv. 表强调时用the , How many bags are you checking in? Just the one。

j. 不用冠词的场合

i. 关于职业、身份、或头衔可以不加
ii. 关于球类、棋类运动不加
iii. 有了其他限定词以及物主代词、指示形容词、名词属格 不加
iv. 特殊名词不加 nature ,society, space
v. 重复类的星期日期不加 On Monday
vi. 四季不加 in autumn
vii. 昼夜的各段时间不加 at dawn/sunrise/daybreak/sunset/noon/dusk/twilight/night/midnight
viii. 乘交通工具用By 不加 by bicycle/take the bicycle
ix. 通讯工具用By不加 by radio, by post
x. 平行结构不加 face to face, back to back, arm in arm, hand in hand, eye to eye, day after day, from person to person, from father to son,