环境准备
主机名称 | IP地址 |
---|---|
mysql | 192.168.200.9 |
echo "192.168.200.9 mysql ">>/etc/hosts
- 操作系统信息
[root@hadoop-master ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64
[root@hadoop-master ~]# uname -m
x86_64
[root@hadoop-master ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
[root@hadoop-master ~]# getenforce
Disabled
创建MySQL用户
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
id mysql
安装MySQL
- 下载
MySQL下载地址
下载慢,可以使用迅雷下载 - 安装
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.54-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mkdir /application
mv mysql-5.5.54-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.54
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.54/ /application/mysql
ll /application/
chown -R mysql:mysql /application/mysql*
初始化数据库
[root@mysql mysql]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
初始化信息:
Installing MySQL system tables...
170903 15:54:08 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
170903 15:54:08 [Note] /application/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.54) starting as process 3137 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
170903 15:54:08 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
170903 15:54:08 [Note] /application/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.54) starting as process 3144 ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h mysql password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/application/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /application/mysql ; /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /application/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
修改数据库配置文件
mysql默认配置文件是/etc/my.cnf,备份原有的
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.default-backup
使用较小的配置:
[root@mysql support-files]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
启动MySQL
修改启动mysql脚本
由于二进制默认安装目录在/usr/local下,而我们将自定义将mysql安装在/application/下,因此需要修改启动脚本
测试:
[root@mysql support-files]# sed -n "s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#pg" /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
替换:
sed -i "s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g" /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
启动mysql
/application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
MySQL常用优化设置
设置密码
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
配置环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile&&source /etc/profile&&tail -1 /etc/profile
加入到/etc/init.d/下
cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i "s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g" /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
测试启动
killall mysqld
mysqld: no process killed
[root@mysql sbin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql sbin]# lsof -i :3306
加入开机启动
[root@mysql sbin]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql sbin]# chkconfig mysqld --list
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
MySQL日志
ll /application/mysql/data/mysql.err
MySQL字符集
- 修改服务器级别字符集
打开/etc/mysql/my.cnf,在[mysqld]后添加
character-set-server=utf8
- 更改连接字符集
打开/etc/mysql/my.cnf,在[client]后添加
default-character-set=utf8
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