People have wondered about the nature of light and color since ancient times.从古至今人们对自然界的光和颜色感到好奇
Some people thought that light came from the eye rather than coming into the eye.一些人认为光来自眼睛而不是进入眼睛
To see, light was projected from our eyes to illuminate things as we look at them.看，光被从我们眼里投射出照亮东西让我们看到它们
Now we know that what we see is mostly reflected light, like the light from the moon which is reflected sunlight.现在我们知道我们大部分看到的是反射光，就像来自月球的光是反射的太阳光
Light comes from a light source, such as the Sun, and either enters our eyes directly or after it has reflected off something.光来自光源，比如太阳，要么直接进入我们的眼睛，要么从某物反射后进入我们的眼睛
In 1666 Sir isaac Newton showed that when light passes through a prism, it separates into all the other colors.1666年艾萨克牛顿表明当光通过棱镜时，它被分离成各种颜色
This clearly demonstrated that light is composed of many different colors.这清楚地展示光是多种不同的颜色组成的
The difference between colors is due to their wavelength.颜色之间的差别是由于它们的波长
A prism separates light into different colors because each color has a different wavelength.棱镜把光分离不同颜色，因为每种颜色有不同的波长
The angle at which a color bends in a prism depends on its wavelength.颜色在棱镜中弯曲的角度取决于它的波长
Colors with shorter wavelengths bend more than colors with longer wavelengths.较短波长的颜色比长波长的颜色更容易弯曲
This explains why red light bends less than yellow light.这个解释了为什么红光弯曲小于黄光弯曲
The reason is because its wavelength is longer.原因是因为它的波长更长
Of the visible colors, violet light has the shortest wavelength, so it bends the most.所有可见光，紫色的光波长最短，所以它弯曲最厉害
If you have ever painted, you know that different colors can be combined to create new colors.如果你曾经刷漆，你会知道不同颜色能组合成一个新的颜色
For example, if you add white to a color, you lighten it.例如，如果你往一个颜色里加白色，你会使它变亮
However, the three primary colors, red, blue and yellow cannot be made by mixing other colors.然而，三个只要颜色，红蓝黄不能由其它颜色混合成
It isn't possible to mix any combination of colors to create red, blue or yellow.不可能混合任何颜色组合创建红蓝或黄色
Mixing two primary colors creates a secondary color such as purple, which is made by mixing blue and red.混合两个基色创建第二种颜色，比如紫色是由蓝和红混合制成的
Mixing three primary colors creates a tertiary color such as brown or gray.混合3基色会生成第三种颜色，比如棕色和灰色
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