第六段
①Mr Abe also wants people to “remain active without retirement throughout their lives”. ②His government is likely to raise the retirement age for civil servants from 60 to 65, and to encourage companies to do the same. ③As it is, many companies have raised their retirement ages or taken to rehiring retired workers, often on a part-time basis. ④ Fully 23% of over-65s work; they constitute a much bigger share of the workforce than in other rich countries (see chart). ⑤Mr Abe plans to bolster this trend by increasing the public pension for those who agree to start drawing it later than they are currently entitled to. ⑥In the long run, the prime minister hopes, robots and artificial intelligence will help ease the labour shortage. ⑦“I do think that we will need fewer jobs because of higher productivity.”
段落大意
①句表明安倍的态度，希望人们在退休后也持续工作；②句表达政府的措施；③句表达企业的措施；④句表达退休人员继续工作的现状；⑤句表达了安倍政府鼓励这个措施实行的方式；⑥句表达了从长远来看，在技术上的发展可以改善劳动力短缺的问题；⑦句表达了安倍在技术可以补充劳动力这件事上的信心。
段落解析
①. Mr Abe also wants people to “remain active without retirement throughout their lives”.
throughout one's life 毕生, 整个一生中
throughout during the whole period of time of sth
相对于使用 in one's life，使用 throughout 更有时间上的纵向延伸感。
③. As it is, many companies have raised their retirement ages or taken to rehiring retired workers, often on a part-time basis.
as it is: in the actual state of affairs and often contrary to expectations，表达了非公众所希望的，公司已经开始实行延迟退休和返聘了。
take to doing 开始比较规律的做某事
⑤Mr Abe plans to bolster this trend by increasing the public pension for those who agree to start drawing it later than they are currently entitled to.
draw: 提取，支取，领取（存款）；领取（薪水等）
原句中 draw later 对应 currently entitled
He is moving ever closer to drawing his pension. 他就要领取养老金了
第七段
段落大意
①Getting older people to work for longer is especially beneficial to the government’s finances, since it leads both to higher tax revenue and lower spending on pensions.② Mr Abe’s tweaks are the latest in a series of changes intended to make the pension system more affordable.③ But the government is always playing catch-up, as the ageing of the population and shrinking of the workforce accelerate. ④It reckons social-welfare costs will rise by more than half by 2040, from ¥121trn ($1.06trn) to ¥190trn.
①句表达了延迟退休和返聘对政府财政的积极作用；②句表达了安倍政府对此作出的努力；③句表达了虽然政府在努力，但是不足以解决劳动力缺乏和老龄化的问题；④句是对③句的数据支持。
段落解析
①Getting older people to work for longer is especially beneficial to the government’s finances, since it leads both to higher tax revenue and lower spending on pensions.
since conj. 因为，由于，既然。可以替换because; as; as long as 等表示原因的连词
② Mr Abe’s tweaks are the latest in a series of changes intended to make the pension system more affordable.�
tweak： v./n. 稍稍改进，对。。。做微调
比如写文章的时候，最后需要修饰一下，就可以用tweak表示。
When you finish writing a paper, it's a good idea to go back through one last time, to tweak it and make sure it's absolutely perfect.
③ But the government is always playing catch-up, as the ageing of the population and shrinking of the workforce accelerate.
用play catch-up，表达出政府一直在补救劳动力不足及人口老龄化的问题，连接了下文对安倍政策面对的一些困难的描述。
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