名词短语
a new book
many good students
those sweet roses
Give me this.
Of these answers, this one is the best.
一般来说,名词短语由限定词、形容词和名词构成,这三个部分中的任一部分都可能在句子中省略。
- 限定词指:在名词短语中对名词中心词起特指、类指以及表示数量等限定作用的词类
- 形容词为名词的修饰语;
- 名词通过词尾的变化表示单复数。
限定词-定冠词a(n)
- 定冠词a(n)的含义
a(n)代表one的意思,只不过语气弱化,交代后面所接的名词是“一个”的概念。 - 什么时候不用a(n)
当a(n)后面链接的名词不适应交代“一个”这个概念时,不要使用a(n)
- 比如说名词的复数,Unmarried men are rare species these days.
- 抽象名词和物质名称(不可数名词),例如说honesty/water/food等
- 专有名词情况,
- 一般性的专有名词不需要加a(n)
- 当专有名词作为主语,专有名词的补语为名词短语时,Mr. Elson was president of the high school. 此时的president是专有名词Elson的补语,被当做专有名词使用,具有专有名词的唯一性含义时,president不需要限定词。
- 补语不具有唯一性含义时,使用限定词a(n),Mr. Elson is also a member of the Council of the city.
限定词-定冠词the
- 定冠词the的含义
the可看作that/those的弱化,表示所指的为上下文中明示或暗示的。 - the的特殊情况
- 一般情况下,专有名词和the是有冲突的,如果使用the,则暗示这个东西有两个以上,或者有其他不同状态等,例如:
- This is not the John Smith I know.//暗示有另外一个John Smith,或者这个John Smith有不为人知的的方面
- This is a photography show of the Taipei 50 years age.//过去50年的台北,和现在不一样所以用the
- 专有名词加the的特例
- 例如,the Pacific Ocean/the Hilton Hotel/the Mississippi River,这些名词短语中,第三部分的名词(ocean/hotel/river)其实不是专有名词,所谓的专有名词在形容词部分(Pacific/Hilton/Mississippi),所以这里会出现the进行修饰
- 再看,the United States of American中,American前面没有the表示专有名称,而United States前面有the,因为states不是专有名词
知识导图
名词短语与冠词练习
-
The carpenter repaired ____.
a. the table's legs
b. table's legs
c. legs of the table
d. the legs of the table -
Mr. Smith has three ____ under his name.
a. shoe stores
b. shoes stores
c. shoe store
d. shoestores -
The house sit on a ____ road.
a. twelve feet in width
b. of twelve feet
c. twelve-foot-wide
d. twelve-feet -
The man was badly wounded, but there could still be ___ hope.
a. little
b. few
c. a little
d. a few -
This kind of ball-pen holds ___ ink than that.
a. less
b. fewer
c. much
d. little -
___ is what he said: Don't go out!
a. This
b. That
c. The
d. These -
Whether you serve coffee or tea doesn't matter, ___ will do.
a. any
b. either
c. some
d. all
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