简介

Ansible 是新出现的自动化运维工具，基于 Python 开发，集合了众多运维工具（puppet、cfengine、chef、func、fabric）的优点，实现了批量系统配置、批量程序部署、批量运行命令等功能。Ansible 是基于模块工作的，本身没有批量部署的能力。真正具有批量部署的是 Ansible 所运行的模块，Ansible 只是提供一种框架。主要包括：
(1)、连接插件 connection plugins:负责和被监控端实现通信；
(2)、host inventory：指定操作的主机，是一个配置文件里面定义监控的主机；
(3)、各种模块核心模块、command 模块、自定义模块；
(4)、借助于插件完成记录日志邮件等功能；
(5)、playbook：剧本执行多个任务时，非必需可以让节点一次性运行多个任务.

因为 Ansible 是基于 ssh 协议的，所以在此之前，我们需要在 Zabbix_server 端进行对其他主机实现免密登录。

使用命令生成密钥

[root@ansible ~]# ssh-keygen

将公钥发送到所有安装zabbix客户端的主机

[root@ansible ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.163.170
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.163.171

安装 Ansible 软件

[root@ansible ~]# yum install -y ansible

修改配置文件，将 Zabbix 客户机添加进组，（在文末添加即可）

[root@ansible ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[webserver]
192.168.163.170
192.168.163.171

创建一个安装zabbix客户端的剧本

[root@ansible ansible]# vim /etc/ansible/install_zabbix.yaml

- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: copy
    copy: src=/usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.7.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.7.tar.gz
  - name: tar
    shell: cd /usr/local/src;tar xf zabbix-3.2.7.tar.gz
  - name: useradd
    shell: useradd zabbix -s /sbin/nologin
  - name: yum
    yum: name={{ item }} state=latest
    with_items:
    - make
    - gcc
    - curl
    - curl-devel
  - name: configure
    shell: cd /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.7;./configure --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-agent --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix;make && make install
  - name: script
    shell: cp /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.7/misc/init.d/fedora/core5/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
  - name: quanxian
    shell: chmod 700 /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 
  - name: vim zabbix_agent
    shell: sed -i 's/ZABBIX_BIN="\/usr\/local\/sbin\/zabbix_agentd"/ZABBIX_BIN="\/usr\/local\/zabbix\/sbin\/zabbix_agentd"/g' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
  - name: vim_conf
    shell: sed -i 's/Server=127.0.0.1/Server={{ server_ip }}/g' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
  - name: restart_server
    shell: /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart

执行该剧本

[root@ansible ansible]# ansible-playbook -e server_ip=192.168.163.169 install_zabbix.yaml
注意：-e 选项指定的 server_ip 是文件里的 server_ip,也就是客户端所有指定的Zabbix_server 的 IP

输出结果：

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook install_zabbix.yaml

PLAY [webserver] ********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.163.171]
ok: [192.168.163.170]

TASK [copy] *************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [tar] **************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [useradd] **********************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [yum] **************************************************************************************************************
^CProcess WorkerProcess-10:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
Process WorkerProcess-9:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
[ERROR]: User interrupted execution

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook -e server_ip=192.168.163.169 install_zabbix.yaml

PLAY [webserver] ********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.163.171]
ok: [192.168.163.170]

TASK [copy] *************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [tar] **************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.171]
changed: [192.168.163.170]

TASK [useradd] **********************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [yum] **************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.163.171] => (item=[u'make', u'gcc', u'curl', u'curl-devel'])
ok: [192.168.163.170] => (item=[u'make', u'gcc', u'curl', u'curl-devel'])

TASK [configure] ********************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.171]
changed: [192.168.163.170]

TASK [script] ***********************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [quanxian] *********************************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: Consider using file module with mode rather than running chmod

changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [vim zabbix_agent] *************************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: Consider using template or lineinfile module rather than running sed

changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

TASK [vim_conf] *********************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.171]
changed: [192.168.163.170]

TASK [restart_server] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.163.170]
changed: [192.168.163.171]

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************
192.168.163.170 : ok=11 changed=9 unreachable=0 failed=0
192.168.163.171 : ok=11 changed=9 unreachable=0 failed=0