安装 MySQL

1. 更新服务器上的包索引
   sudo apt-get update
2. 安装默认包
   sudo apt-get install mysql-server

配置 MySQL

1. 初始化配置
   sudo mysql_secure_installation
2. 配置项较多，如下所示：

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords...
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N (我的选项)

Please set the password for root here... New password: (输入密码)
Re-enter new password: (重复输入)

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them... Remove anonymous users?
(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (我的选项)

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network... Disallow root login remotely?
(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的选项)

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access... Remove test database and access to it?
(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (我的选项)

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now?
(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的选项)

3. 检查mysql服务状态
   systemctl status mysql.service
   显示如下结果说明mysql服务是正常的：

   mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2020-02-23 00:21:57 CST; 8min ago
 Main PID: 1679 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 2339)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─1679 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Feb 23 00:21:57 xxxxxxxx systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Feb 23 00:21:57 xxxxxxxx systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

4. 配置远程访问
   在Ubuntu下MySQL缺省是只允许本地访问的，如果你要其他机器也能够访问的话，需要进行配置：
   sudo mysql -uroot -p
   输入
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY "123456";
   or
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "123456";
   其中root@localhost，localhost就是本地访问，配置成%就是所有主机都可连接；'123456'为你给新增权限用户设置的密码，%代表所有主机，也可以是具体的ip；

编辑配置文件
sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
将 bind-address 的值修改为 0.0.0.0

5. 重启MySQL
   sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

网络安全组配置

点击==配置安全组==后==添加安全组规则==

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测试

MySQL命令

启动MySQL：service mysql start
停止MySQL：service mysql stop
重启MySQL：sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
确认是否启动成功：sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql