只发送header
package main
import (
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Set("Server", "A Go Web Server")
w.WriteHeader(200)
}
返回普通文本
package main
import (
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("OK"))
}
返回JSON数据
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"net/http"
)
type Profile struct {
Name string
Hobbies []string
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
profile := Profile{"Alex", []string{"snowboarding", "programming"}}
js, err := json.Marshal(profile)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
w.Write(js)
}
返回XML数据
package main
import (
"encoding/xml"
"net/http"
)
type Profile struct {
Name string
Hobbies []string `xml:"Hobbies>Hobby"`
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
profile := Profile{"Alex", []string{"snowboarding", "programming"}}
x, err := xml.MarshalIndent(profile, "", " ")
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/xml")
w.Write(x)
}
文件服务
package main
import (
"net/http"
"path"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
// Assuming you want to serve a photo at 'images/foo.png'
fp := path.Join("images", "foo.png")
http.ServeFile(w, r, fp)
}
使用HTML模版
模板文件：templates/index.html
<h1>Hello { { .Name } }</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.</p>
package main
import (
"html/template"
"net/http"
"path"
)
type Profile struct {
Name string
Hobbies []string
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
profile := Profile{"Alex", []string{"snowboarding", "programming"}}
fp := path.Join("templates", "index.html")
tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles(fp)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
if err := tmpl.Execute(w, profile); err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
}
}
使用HTML模板生成字符串
除了上面的把http.ResponseWriter作为模版的执行参数，还可以使用buffer得到渲染的结果。
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
if err := tmpl.Execute(buf, profile); err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
}
templateString := buf.String()
使用嵌套的模版
文件：templates/layout.html
<html>
<head>
<title>{ { template "title" . } } </title>
</head>
<body
{ { template "content" . } }
</body>
</html>
文件：templates/index.html
{ { define "title" } }An example layout{ { end } }
{ { define "content" } }
<h1>Hello { { .Name } }</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.</p>
{ { end } }
package main
import (
"html/template"
"net/http"
"path"
)
type Profile struct {
Name string
Hobbies []string
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", foo)
http.ListenAndServe(":3000", nil)
}
func foo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
profile := Profile{"Alex", []string{"snowboarding", "programming"}}
lp := path.Join("templates", "layout.html")
fp := path.Join("templates", "index.html")
// Note that the layout file must be the first parameter in ParseFiles
tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles(lp, fp)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
if err := tmpl.Execute(w, profile); err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
}
}
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