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CentOS 7系统基础优化

CentOS 7系统基础优化

作者: 万越天 | 来源:发表于2017-09-15 14:42 被阅读0次

1.时间设置

检查是否为+0800时区:

# date -R
Tue, 22 Nov 2016 18:46:14 +0800

如果不是+0800时区,处理方法:

cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

2.yum仓库

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /tmp
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/guoxin.repo

编辑/etc/yum.repos.d/guoxin.repo如下:

[guoxin-base]
name=Guoxin-$releasever - Base - http://repo.91guoxin.bj
baseurl=http://10.10.10.70:8080/7/base/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[guoxin-epel]
name=Guoxin-$releasever - Base - http://repo.91guoxin.bj 
baseurl=http://10.10.10.70:8080/7/epel/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[guoxin-extras]
name=Guoxin-$releasever - Base - http://repo.91guoxin.bj 
baseurl=http://10.10.10.70:8080/7/extras/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[guoxin-updates]
name=Guoxin-$releasever - Base - http://repo.91guoxin.bj 
baseurl=http://10.10.10.70:8080/7/updates/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
[guoxin-zabbix]
name=Guoxin-$releasever - Base - http://repo.91guoxin.bj
baseurl=http://10.10.10.70:8080/7/zabbix/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0

3.时间同步

检查ntpdate命令是否存在:

# which ntpdate
/usr/sbin/ntpdate

如果没有ntpdate命令,则:

yum install ntpdate -y

手动同步时间:

/sbin/ntpdate 10.10.10.70 ; /sbin/clock -w

添加时间同步定时任务:

crontab -e
# Time sync
5 0 * * * /sbin/ntpdate 10.10.10.70 ; /sbin/clock -w 1>/dev/null 2>&1

检查定时任务是否添加成功:

crontab -l

4.安装常用命令包

yum install lrzsz tree vim net-tools -y

5.安装bash shell

cd /usr/local/src/
rz -y
rpm -ivh bash-4.3.30-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm --force
mv /bin/bash /bin/bash.bak && cp /usr/local/bin/bash /bin

6.配置rsyslog

修改配置文件:

vim /etc/rsyslog.conf 

最后一行增加如下配置:

*.* @10.10.10.71

检查配置:

tail -1 /etc/rsyslog.conf 
*.* @10.10.10.71

重启rsyslog服务

systemctl restart rsyslog

7.内核参数

修改配置文件:

\vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

vm.overcommit_memory = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
#kernel.sysrq = 0
#kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
#kernel.msgmnb = 65536
#kernel.msgmax = 65536
#kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
#kernel.shmall = 4294967296
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 32768 436600 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 32768 436600 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 10000
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
fs.file-max = 102400 
vm.swappiness = 5

执行sysctl -p使配置生效:

sysctl -p

8.rm命令替换为mv

mkdir /data/dustbin -p
chmod 777 /data/dustbin
vim /etc/profile

结尾增加:

saferm ()
{
        if [ ! -d /data/dustbin ]
        then
                mkdir -p /data/dustbin
                chmod 777 /data/dustbin
                if [ $? -ne 0 ]
                then
                        echo "Error: failed to create /export/dustbin"
                fi
        fi
        local dst=`mktemp -d -p /data/dustbin`
        local arg=`echo $* | sed "s/\(^-\w\+\)\|\(\s-\w\+\)/ /g"`
        mv ${arg} ${dst}
}

alias rm='saferm'

使配置生效:

. /etc/profile

9.ssh优化

运维专用账户 opsuser

# useradd opsuser -d /data/opsuser
# visudo

sudo授权

opsuser ALL=(ALL)       NOPASSWD: ALL

切换到opsuser用户

su - opsuser
id opsuser

检查UID是否为1000

uid=1000(opsuser) gid=1000(opsuser) groups=1000(opsuser)

配置key认证登陆(密钥文件夹700权限):

mkdir .ssh
chmod 700 .ssh
vim .ssh/authorized_keys

添加运维人员的公钥

.... xxx@91guoxin.com
.... xxx@91guoxin.com

密钥文件600权限:

chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys

注:需检查key认证是否成功

改变监听地址

监听本机内网IP地址:

获取本机内网IP地址:

ifconfig eth0|awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2{print $3}'
10.10.10.136

修改ssh配置文件

vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
ListenAddress 10.10.10.136

禁用root ssh登陆

vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin no

重启sshd

systemctl restart sshd

检查监听地址是否生效:

netstat -lntup|grep sshd
tcp        0      0 10.10.10.136:22         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9997/sshd

注:还需检查root是否可以通过ssh登录

10.ulimit

echo '* soft nofile 102400' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo '* hard nofile 102400' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo '* soft nproc 102400' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo '* hard nproc 102400' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
ulimit -SHn 102400
ulimit -n

11.zabbix监控

yum install zabbix-agent -y

通过ansible同步72配置文件和脚本到本地(在/data/opsuser/ansible/config/hosts增加本机的组)

ansible -s 10.10.10.136 -m copy -a "src=/etc/zabbix/ dest=/etc/zabbix/ owner=root group=root"

重启zabbix-agent

systemctl restart zabbix-agent

登录 http://10.10.10.70/zabbix/ 增加该主机并添加模板

  • guoxin base
  • Template OS Linux
  • Template_Linux_Disk_IO_Stats

注:其他模板根据业务需求添加

12.加入跳板机

登陆10.10.10.71进行配置:

[root@idc01-cloud-manage-node-02 proxyd]# pwd
/usr/local/proxyd
[root@idc01-cloud-manage-node-02 proxyd]# ls
log  proxyd.sh  server.cfg  user.cfg

注:在server.cfg添加新的服务器 并在user.cfg进行授权

13.目录规范

运维工具安装包:/usr/local/src

运维工具安装目录:/application

脚本目录:/server/scripts

日志目录:/data/logs

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