Android UIAutomator 自动化测试

uiautomator 自动化测试框架，使用java编写测试脚本，进行黑盒测试，进行ui测试。可以对任何app进行测试，他模拟的是人的操作。需要sdk 18 以上。

1. 环境配置

屏幕快照 2016-11-17 下午1.58.09.png
在com.example.android.testing.uiautomator.BasicSample,下新建测试类。如图所示。
ChangeTextBehaviorTest这是Google给的案例。了解了解基本都会用了。
AutoSendWeChatMessageTest,调起微信发送信息。其实挺简单的。哈哈。

2. 分析界面，获取界面信息
   使用[sdk]/tools/uiautomatorviewer 下，查看你需要测试的界面。点击截图。查看整个界面的ui元素。

3. 编写代码

    /**
    * Created by azezer0 on 16/11/17.
    */
    @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class) //测试用例
    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 18)//最小版本
    public class AutoSendWeChatMessageTest {
        public static final String Tag = AutoSendWeChatMessageTest.class.getSimpleName();
   
        private static final String BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE
                = "com.tencent.mm";
   
        private static final int LAUNCH_TIMEOUT = 5000;
   
        private static final String STRING_TO_BE_TYPED = "UiAutomator";
   
        private UiDevice mDevice;
        @Before   //测试用例前置操作
        public void startWeChat()
        {
            mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation()); //获取界面实例
            mDevice.pressHome();
   
            // Wait for launcher
            final String launcherPackage = getLauncherPackageName(); //获取桌面启动器的包名
            assertThat(launcherPackage, notNullValue());
            mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(launcherPackage).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT); //等待时间
   
            // Launch the blueprint app
            Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
            final Intent intent = context.getPackageManager()
                    .getLaunchIntentForPackage(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);    // Clear out any previous instances
            context.startActivity(intent);
   
            // Wait for the app to appear
            mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE).depth(0)), LAUNCH_TIMEOUT);
        }
   
        @Test
        public void sendMessage() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
            // Type text and then press the button.
            UiObject2 title = mDevice.findObject(By.text("我们都是程序猿"));  //根据文本查找控件
            Assert.assertNotNull(title);
            title.click(); //点击事件
            UiObject2 a2a = mDevice.findObject(By.res(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE, "a2a")); //根据id查找控件
            a2a.setText("我是通过uiautomator发送的"); //设置文本
            mDevice.waitForIdle(); //等待界面禁止
            UiObject2 a2g = mDevice.findObject(By.res(BASIC_SAMPLE_PACKAGE, "a2g"));//
            a2g.click();
        }
   
        /**
        * Uses package manager to find the package name of the device launcher. Usually this package
        * is "com.android.launcher" but can be different at times. This is a generic solution which
        * works on all platforms.`
        */
        private String getLauncherPackageName() {
            // Create launcher Intent
            final Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
   
            // Use PackageManager to get the launcher package name
            PackageManager pm = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext().getPackageManager();
            ResolveInfo resolveInfo = pm.resolveActivity(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
            return resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName;
        }
    }  
   

4. UIWatch

mDevice.registerWatcher("phone", new UiWatcher() {
 
            @Override
            public boolean checkForCondition() {
                // just press back
    //进行获取界面元素，确定当前是不是前面我们进行测试的界面。
//如果不是 当前界面 返回true。是的话返回false
       
            }
        });