当我们的app需要更新数据库的时候,我们需要升级数据库的版本以及数据的字段,但是还要保留原有的数据,下面推荐一个数据库升级的工具类
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import com.crashlytics.android.Crashlytics;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import de.greenrobot.dao.AbstractDao;
import de.greenrobot.dao.internal.DaoConfig;
import greendao.DaoMaster;
/**
* Created by pokawa on 18/05/15.
*/
public class MigrationHelper {
private static final String CONVERSION_CLASS_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION = "MIGRATION HELPER - CLASS DOESN'T MATCH WITH THE CURRENT PARAMETERS";
private static MigrationHelper instance;
public static MigrationHelper getInstance() {
if(instance == null) {
instance = new MigrationHelper();
}
return instance;
}
public void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
generateTempTables(db, daoClasses);
DaoMaster.dropAllTables(db, true);
DaoMaster.createAllTables(db, false);
restoreData(db, daoClasses);
}
private void generateTempTables(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for(int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String divider = "";
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<>();
StringBuilder createTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
createTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TABLE ").append(tempTableName).append(" (");
for(int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
if(getColumns(db, tableName).contains(columnName)) {
properties.add(columnName);
String type = null;
try {
type = getTypeByClass(daoConfig.properties[j].type);
} catch (Exception exception) {
Crashlytics.logException(exception);
}
createTableStringBuilder.append(divider).append(columnName).append(" ").append(type);
if(daoConfig.properties[j].primaryKey) {
createTableStringBuilder.append(" PRIMARY KEY");
}
divider = ",";
}
}
createTableStringBuilder.append(");");
db.execSQL(createTableStringBuilder.toString());
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tempTableName).append(" (");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
private void restoreData(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for(int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList();
for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
if(getColumns(db, tempTableName).contains(columnName)) {
properties.add(columnName);
}
}
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
private String getTypeByClass(Class<?> type) throws Exception {
if(type.equals(String.class)) {
return "TEXT";
}
if(type.equals(Long.class) || type.equals(Integer.class) || type.equals(long.class)) {
return "INTEGER";
}
if(type.equals(Boolean.class)) {
return "BOOLEAN";
}
Exception exception = new Exception(CONVERSION_CLASS_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION.concat(" - Class: ").concat(type.toString()));
Crashlytics.logException(exception);
throw exception;
}
private static List<String> getColumns(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
List<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 1", null);
if (cursor != null) {
columns = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames()));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.v(tableName, e.getMessage(), e);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return columns;
}
}
首先要导入数据库的版本升级信息
第1步:升级数据库版本号
// app:build.gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'org.greenrobot.greendao'
android {
...
}
greendao{
schemaVersion 2 // 版本号+1
}
dependencies {
...
}
去修改数据库对应实体类的字段 自动更新代码
自己写一个类去继承openHelper
// 继承DaoMaster.OpenHelper
public class MyOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper {
public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name) {
super(context, name);
}
public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
super(context, name, factory);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
super.onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
// 升级数据库 这里重写的是类型SQLiteDatabase的升级方法
//MigrationHelper是我们的工具类
//PersonDao是数据库封装类
//这种方法是保留原有的数据库封装类添加字段的方式
MigrationHelper.migrate(db, PersonDao.class);
}
}
另一种就是升级多表
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// 在onUpgrade方法中加上以下代码即可
MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db, UserDao.class, ItemDao.class);
}
最后去替换DevOpenHelper
private DaoSession initGreenDao() {
// 替换为自定义的OpenHelper对象
DaoMaster.OpenHelper openHelper = new MyOpenHelper(this, "cumulus.db");
SQLiteDatabase database = openHelper.getReadableDatabase();
DaoMaster daoMaster = new DaoMaster(database);
return daoMaster.newSession();
}
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