2018-06-12

A false analogy, in contrast, claims similarities that do not withstand

scrutiny. A humorous example of a false analogy was given by a University of Pisa professor in 1633: “Animals, which move, have limbs and muscles; the earth has no limbs and muscles, hence it does not move.” A more recent and infamous example is the one traditionally used by revolutionaries and terrorists around the world to justify killing people: “If you want to make an omelette, you’ve got to break some eggs.” In this case, the critical thinker rightly responds, “But people are very unlike eggs!”

Always test your analogies to be sure that the similarities they claim are real and reasonable and that no important dissimilarities exist.

一个错误类比，相反的，所宣称的相似性经不起推敲。比萨大学的一个教授在1633年给出了一个幽默的错误类比例子：“动物，动的那些，有肢体和肌肉；地球没有肢体和肌肉，所以它不动。”一个更近并且声名狼藉的被用于全世界革命者和恐怖分子的传统例子证明杀人者是正当的：“如果你想做一个煎蛋卷，你会打碎一些鸡蛋。”在这个例子里，批判性思考者正确回应道“但人们绝不像鸡蛋！”

经常检查你的类比以确保他们宣称的相似性是真的，合理的并且没有重要的不相似性存在。