步骤1：新建一个应用
python manage.py startapp + 应用名
步骤2：启动服务器（可选）
python manage.py runserver
步骤3：在项目的urls.py文件里面添加包含文件
url(r'^second/',include('second.urls'))
注意:
second后面的的反斜杠千万不要漏掉
步骤4：配置应用url
打开urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from second import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index/', views.index),
url(r'^(\d+)/', views.detail),
]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse('hello world')
def detail(request, num):
return HttpResponse(num)
步骤5：在浏览器输入网址
http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/index
步骤6：在views.py里面添加
def detail_two(request, num1, num2, num3):
return HttpResponse('%s-%s-%s' % (num1, num2, num3))
步骤7：在urls.py里面添加
# 把之前url注释了
# url(r'^index', views.index),
# url(r'^(\d+)/', views.detail),
url(r'^(\d+)/(\d+)/(\d+)$', views.detail_two),
步骤8：在urls.py里面添加
把其他url注释
url(r'^(?P<num2>\d+)/(?P<num1>\d+)/(?P<num3>\d+)$', views.detail_two),
定义视图
1.在项目settings里面,把debug改为Ture
DEBUG=False
2.在项目settings里面，把ALLOWED_HOSTS改为任何人可以访问
ALLOWED_HOSTS=['*']
3.在项目的templates目录下面添加404.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>傻了吧,找不到页面</h1>
</body>
</html>
- HttpReqeust对象
1.在应用的urls.py里面设置重新配置一下url
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index', views.index),
]
2.修改应用views.py的视图函数
def index(request):
# request返回请求页面的完整路径
return HttpResponse(request.path)
3.将应用跑起来，然后再浏览器输入如下路径,注意：此时页面显示的为路径
http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/index
- GET属性
1.在应用templates里面创建一个目录，目录名为booktest,添加3个html页面,分别为getTest1.html,getTest2.html,getTest3.html
2.在应用的views.py里面的增加3个视图函数
展示接收的页面
def getTest1(request):
return render(request,'booktest/getTest1.html')
接收一键一值的情况
def getTest2(request):
return render(request,'booktest/getTest2.html')
接收一键多值的情况
def getTest3(request):
return render(request,'booktest/getTest3.html')
3.在应用的urls.py里面添加
url(r'^index', views.index),
url(r'^getTest1/$',views.getTest1),
url(r'^getTest2/$',views.getTest2),
url(r'^getTest3/$',views.getTest3),
4.在getTest1.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
一键一值：<a href="/second/booktest/getTest2/?a=1&b=2&c=3">test2</a>
一键多值：<a href="/second/booktest/getTest3/?a=1&a=2&a=3">test3</a>
</body>
</html>
5.在views.py
展示接收的页面
def getTest1(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest1.html')
接收一键一值的情况
def getTest2(request):
# request.GET['a']等价于request.GET.get('a')
# 根据键接收值
a1 = request.GET.get('a')
b1 = request.GET.get('b')
c1 = request.GET.get('c')
# 构造上下文
context = {'a': a1, 'b': b1, 'c': c1}
# 调用模板进行渲染
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest2.html', context)
接收一键多值的情况
def getTest3(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest3.html')
6.在getTest2.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
a:{{ a }}
b: {{ b }}
c:{{ c }}
</body>
</html>
7.接收一键多值,在views.py模块里面
在浏览器输入 http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/getTest3/?a=12&a=2&a=3 (其中a对应多个值)
def getTest3(request):
a1 = request.GET.getlist('a')
context={'a':a1}
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest3.html',context)
8.在getTest3.html里面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>页面3</title>
</head>
<body>
a:{% for item in a %}
{{ item }}
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
POST请求
1.设计2个视图
def postTest1(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/postTest1.html')
def postTest2(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/postTest2.html')
2.配置url(urls.py)
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index/', views.index),
# url(r'^(\d+)/',views.detail)
url(r'(?P<num2>\d+)/(?P<num1>\d+)/(?P<num3>\d+)', views.detail2),
url(r'^getTest1/$',views.getTest1),
url(r'^getTest2/$',views.getTest2),
url(r'^getTest3/$',views.getTest3),
url(r'^postTest1/$',views.postTest1),
url(r'^postTest2/$',views.postTest2),
]
3.添加html模板
postTest1.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>POST2</title>
</head>
<body>
{# action 为要请求的url#}
<form method="post" action="/second/postTest2/">
用户名：<input type="text" name="uname">
<hr>
密码：<input type="password" name="upwd">
<hr>
性别:<input type="radio" name="ugender" value="男" checked="checked">男<input type="radio" name="ugender" value="女">女
<hr>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
postTest2.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>POST2</title>
</head>
<body>
{# action 为要请求的url#}
<form method="post" action="/second/postTest2"></form>
用户名:{{ uname }}
密码:{{ upwd }}
性别:{{ ugender }}
</body>
</html>
4.注释csrf,在项目的settings里面
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'[django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware](http://django.middleware.common.commonmiddleware/)',
#'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)
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