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Android分享实现总结

Android分享实现总结

作者: Anwfly | 来源:发表于2019-07-30 19:43 被阅读0次

    前言:实现分享功能的几个办法

    1. 调用系统的分享功能
    2. 通过第三方SDK,如ShareSDK,友盟等
    3. 自行使用各自平台的SDK,比如QQ,微信,微博各自的SDK

    一、调用系统的分享功能

    本文只是关于如何实现Android系统分享,并非第三方SDK实现方法
    实例
    Android开发时通过startActivity发送action为Intent.ACTION_SEND的Intent即很容易就可以实现系统分享功能,举个简单例子看看:

    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
    startActivity(shareIntent);
    

    从例子中,可以发现实现系统分享主要由三部分Action、Extras和Type组成。首先将Intent的cation设置为Intent.ACTION_SEND,其次根据分享的内容设置不同的Type,然后根据不同的社交平台设置相关Extras,最后将Intent发送出去即可完成系统分享。
    以下列举几种分享类型:

    • 分享文本内容
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
    startActivity(shareIntent);
    
    • 分享图片
    //将mipmap中图片转换成Uri
    Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
    
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); 
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); 
    //其中imgUri为图片的标识符
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri); 
    shareIntent.setType("image/*"); 
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
    startActivity(shareIntent); 
    
    • 分享多张图片
    Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
    
    ArrayList<Uri> imgUris = new ArrayList<Uri>();
    imgUris.add(imgUri);  //其中imgUri1为第一张图片的标识符
    imgUris.add(imgUri); //其中imgUri2为第二张图片的标识符
    
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
    //其中fileUri为文件的标识符
    shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUris);
    shareIntent.setType("image/*");
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
    startActivity(shareIntent);
    
    • 分享邮件
    Uri imgUri = Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + "/" +R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
    
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    //其中imgUri为图片的标识符
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri);
    shareIntent.setType("image/*");
    //设置邮件主题
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Here is the email subject");
    //邮件内容
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box");
    startActivity(shareIntent);
    //EXTRA_BCC:存放邮件密送人地址的字符串数组。 
    //EXTRA_CC:存放邮件抄送人地址的字符串数组。
    //EXTRA_EMAIL:存放邮件地址的字符串数组
    

    问题拓展

    1. 如何将自己的应用能够显示在系统分享的应用选择框中?
      根据以上介绍,我们可以在应用清单文件中使用<intent-filter>来完成;
    <activity
      android:name=".ShareHandleActivity"
      android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <intent-filter>
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
          <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
          <!-- 根据分享类型的需要进行修改 -->
          <data android:mimeType="text/plain" />
         </intent-filter>
     </activity>
    
    1. 如何监听在应用选择框中,选择了那个应用?
      需要采用BroadcastReceiver来实现:(该方法在部分手机上可以实现,并且需要API Level大于等于22)
    • 创建BroadcastReceiver
    public class ShareDoneReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            for(String key:intent.getExtras().keySet()){
                try {
                    ComponentName componentInfo = (ComponentName) intent.getExtras().get(key);
                    PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
                    String appName = (String) packageManager.getApplicationLabel(packageManager.getApplicationInfo(componentInfo.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA));
                    Log.i("Selected", appName);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    • AndroidManifest中注册广播
    <receiver android:name=".ShareDoneReceiver"/>
    
    • 获取广播进行分享
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the Shared text.");
    Intent receiver = new Intent(this, ShareDoneReceiver.class);
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, receiver, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
    //切记需要使用Intent.createChooser,否则会出现别样的应用选择框,您可以试试
    shareIntent = Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Here is the title of Select box", pendingIntent.getIntentSender());
    startActivity(shareIntent);
    
    1. 如何为制定应用设置分享type?
    List<Intent> targetIntents = new ArrayList<Intent>();
    
    //获取所有支持ACTION_SEND的应用
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
    PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
    List<ResolveInfo> resInfos = pm.queryIntentActivities(shareIntent, 0);
    //对目标引用进行判断
    if(resInfos != null && resInfos.size() > 0){
        for(ResolveInfo info:resInfos){
             Intent target = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
             //需要知道制定应用的package name
             if ("com.tencent.mm".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)) {
                   target.setType("text/plain");
             }else{
                   target.setType("image/*");
                   //其中imgUri为图片的标识符
                   target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imgUri);
             }
             target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
             target.setComponent(new ComponentName( info.activityInfo.packageName, info.activityInfo.name));
             targetIntents.add(target);
         }
    }
    //创建应用选择框
    Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(targetIntents.remove(0), "");
    chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
    startActivity(chooserIntent);
    

    4.如何只显示指定的应用?

    List<Intent> targetIntents = new ArrayList<Intent>();
    
    //获取所有支持ACTION_SEND的应用
    Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
    shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
    PackageManager pm =getPackageManager();
    List<ResolveInfo> resInfos = pm.queryIntentActivities(shareIntent, 0);
    //对目标引用进行判断
    if(resInfos != null && resInfos.size() > 0){
      for(ResolveInfo info:resInfos){
        if("com.netease.mobimail".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)
            || "com.google.android.talk".equals(info.activityInfo.packageName)){
    
          Intent target = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
          target.setType("text/plain");
          target.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Here is the email content");
          target.setComponent(new ComponentName( info.activityInfo.packageName, info.activityInfo.name));
          targetIntents.add(target);
        }
      }
    }
    //创建应用选择框
    Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(targetIntents.remove(0), "");
    chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
    startActivity(chooserIntent);
    

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          本文标题:Android分享实现总结

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