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手写EventBus框架——源码分析1

手写EventBus框架——源码分析1

作者: wenld_ | 来源:发表于2017-03-26 22:55 被阅读742次

    哎呀呀

    最近感觉框架上非常弱鸡,于是找到了EventBus,想通过解析源码,学习架构设计最后并手写实现EventBus框架。
     那么,gogogo 先从源码查看出发,一步一步实现自己的EventBus吧;

    路漫漫其修远兮

    01. 手写EventBus框架——源码分析1
    02. 手写EventBus框架——源码分析2
    03. 手写EventBus框架——动手_整体架构设计
    04. 手写EventBus框架——动手_终结

    1. 订阅、取消订阅

    EventBus3.0 使用方式如下:

    public class SampleComponent extends Fragment  
    {  
      
        @Override  
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  
        {  
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
            EventBus.getDefault().register(this);  
        }  
      
        @Subscribe
        public void gogogo(param)  
        {  
        }
          
        @Override  
        public void onDestroy()  
        {  
            super.onDestroy();  
            EventBus.getDefault().unregister(this);  
        }  
          
    }  
    

    1.1 注册

    1.1.1 注册源码分析

     private final Map<Class<?>, CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription>> subscriptionsByEventType;
     private final Map<Object, List<Class<?>>> typesBySubscriber;
     private final Map<Class<?>, Object> stickyEvents;
     public void register(Object subscriber) {
            Class<?> subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
            //获取该类所有订阅的方法
            List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
            synchronized (this) {
                for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
                //订阅方法
                    subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
                }
            }
        }
     // 缓存订阅方法
       private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod){
       //缓存数据 至  subscriptionsByEventType;
       //缓存数据 至  typesBySubscriber;
       //缓存数据 至  stickyEvents;
       } 
    

    以上就是 register 所做的事情;

    • subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass) 找到所有 EventBus 匹配的方法;
    • 循环逐个调用缓存订阅方法 subscribe,最终缓存进入 subscriptionsByEventTypetypesBySubscriber

    看一下如何找到匹配方法列表的;

    ***  SubscriberMethodFinder.class ***
        private static final Map<Class<?>, List<SubscriberMethod>> METHOD_CACHE = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        
        List<SubscriberMethod> findSubscriberMethods(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
            List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
            if (subscriberMethods != null) {
                return subscriberMethods;
            }
    
            if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) {
            //使用反射查找。
                subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
            } else {
            // 使用Info取出方法  默认该方法
                subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
            }
            if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
                throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
                        + " and its super classes have no public methods with the @Subscribe annotation");
            } else {
                METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
                return subscriberMethods;
            }
        }    
    
      private List<SubscriberMethod> findUsingInfo(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
            FindState findState = prepareFindState();
            findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
            while (findState.clazz != null) {
                findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
                if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
                    SubscriberMethod[] array = findState.subscriberInfo.getSubscriberMethods();
                    for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : array) {
                        if (findState.checkAdd(subscriberMethod.method, subscriberMethod.eventType)) {
                            findState.subscriberMethods.add(subscriberMethod);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
                }
                findState.moveToSuperclass();
            }
            return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
        }
    
    

    以上可以看出 本质都是调用 findUsingReflection

    ***  SubscriberMethodFinder.class ***
    
       private List<SubscriberMethod> findUsingReflection(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
            FindState findState = prepareFindState();
            findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
            //这里的  clazz  ==  subscriberClass;
            while (findState.clazz != null) {
                //找到只有一个参数的 方法集合;
                findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
                //转移到 父 Clazz
                findState.moveToSuperclass();
            }
            //这里 就是返回 findState.subscriberMethods;
            return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
        }
       private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
            Method[] methods;
            try {
                // 找到所有方法
                methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
            } catch (Throwable th) {
                // 找到 public方法,包含继承和接口的方法
                methods = findState.clazz.getMethods();
                findState.skipSuperClasses = true;
            }
            for (Method method : methods) {
                int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
                //判断修饰符, Public  不包含 static, abstaact
                if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
                    Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
                    //判断方法数为 1
                    if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
                        //获取注解
                        Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
                        if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
                            Class<?> eventType = parameterTypes[0];
                            if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
                                ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
                                findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
                                        subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
                            }
                        }
                    } else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
                        //抛异常
                    }
                } else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
                    //抛异常
                }
            }
        }
    

    这一段可以看出它的实现机制:核心原理是反射。

    亮点:其中判断标识符的方式 与Android源码非常类似;

      int MODIFIERS_IGNORE = Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.STATIC | BRIDGE | SYNTHETIC;
      //判断修饰符, Public  不包含 static, abstaact
      if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0)
        {
          //...
        }
    

    1.1.2 小结——注册事件分析

    注册的源码已经分析过了,来个小小的总结

    流程:

    • 先找到所有 方法数量为1个且带有@Subscribe注解的方法
    • 将方法寄存进我们的缓存当中(subscriptionsByEventTypetypesBySubscriberstickyEvents

    其它收获

    • CopyOnWriteArrayList 线程读写安全的列表
    • ConcurrentHashMap支持检索的完全并发性的哈希表
    • 存储的一个设计,非常巧妙。

    1.2 取消注册

    比较简单。缓存清除

        /** Unregisters the given subscriber from all event classes. */
        public synchronized void unregister(Object subscriber) {
            List<Class<?>> subscribedTypes = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
            if (subscribedTypes != null) {
                for (Class<?> eventType : subscribedTypes) {
                    unsubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType);
                }
                // 移除
                typesBySubscriber.remove(subscriber);
            } else {
                Log.w(TAG, "Subscriber to unregister was not registered before: " + subscriber.getClass());
            }
        }
        private void unsubscribeByEventType(Object subscriber, Class<?> eventType) {
            List<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
            if (subscriptions != null) {
                int size = subscriptions.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                    Subscription subscription = subscriptions.get(i);
                    if (subscription.subscriber == subscriber) {
                        subscription.active = false;
                        subscriptions.remove(i);
                        i--;
                        size--;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    

    2. 发布

    我们平常调用时这样的

    EventBus.getDefault().post(param);
    //或者 
    EventBus.getDefault().postSticky(param);
    

    o.O

        public void postSticky(Object event) {
            synchronized (stickyEvents) {
                stickyEvents.put(event.getClass(), event);
            }
            // Should be posted after it is putted, in case the subscriber wants to remove immediately
            post(event);
        }
        
        public void post(Object event) {
           //...
        }
    

    本质都是调用 post 方法;

    2.2 post (Object event)

    让我们来瞧瞧 它是什么鬼

        private final ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState> currentPostingThreadState = new ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState>() {
            @Override
            protected PostingThreadState initialValue() {
                return new PostingThreadState();
            }
        };
        
        public void post(Object event) {
            //获取当前线程 的 PostingThreadState
            PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
            List<Object> eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
            //添加到消息列表
            eventQueue.add(event);
    
            if (!postingState.isPosting) {
                //判断是否是主线程
                postingState.isMainThread = Looper.getMainLooper() == Looper.myLooper();
                //状态改为true
                postingState.isPosting = true;
               //...
                try {
                    while (!eventQueue.isEmpty()) {
                        //发送
                        postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState);
                    }
                } finally {
                    //... 还原状态
                }
            }
        }
    

    这边可以看到 先会从 currentPostingThreadState 取出状态,各种判断 然后调用postSingleEvent
    postSingleEvent 这可是块硬骨头;
    再难也要啃下它,哼哼...

    2.3 postSingleEvent()

        private static final Map<Class<?>, List<Class<?>>> eventTypesCache = new HashMap<>();
        private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error {
            Class<?> eventClass = event.getClass();
            boolean subscriptionFound = false;
            if (eventInheritance) {
            // 
               //...
                    // 进入 
                    subscriptionFound |= postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, clazz);
            //...
            } else {
                subscriptionFound = postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, eventClass);
            }
            if (!subscriptionFound) {
                //...
                //如果没有执行,第一次会进入以下方法
                if (sendNoSubscriberEvent && eventClass != NoSubscriberEvent.class &&
                        eventClass != SubscriberExceptionEvent.class) {
                        // 包装成 NoSubscriberEvent 方法
                    post(new NoSubscriberEvent(this, event));
                }
            }
        }
        
        private boolean postSingleEventForEventType(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState, Class<?> eventClass) {
            CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions;
            synchronized (this) {
                //获取  subscriptions
                subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventClass);
            }
            if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
                for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
                   //...
                    try {
                        postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
                        aborted = postingState.canceled;
                    } finally {
                       //...
                    }
                }
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
        
    

    最后调用方法 在不同的线程内。

    
        private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) {
            switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) {
                case POSTING:
                    invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                    break;
                case MAIN:
                    if (isMainThread) {
                        invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                    } else {
                        mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                    }
                    break;
                case BACKGROUND:
                    if (isMainThread) {
                        backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                    } else {
                        invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                    }
                    break;
                case ASYNC:
                    asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode);
            }
        }
    

    2.3.1 小结——Post事件分析

    ** 流程**

    1. 根据EventType 得到subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType 中的CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription>;
    2. 循环 subscriptions,并调用postToSubscription发送 ;
    3. postToSubscription 内根据线程类型来执行方法;
    4. 发布了以后 缓存方法直接执行。

    使用注意点:
    从这边的分析可以看出来,post调用以后,会直接执行订阅方法,那么订阅方(Activity)不在栈顶的时候,如果做些动画展示,那是很耗性能的,那就尴尬了。。

    这边梳理了整个事件的流程与原理,顺带也收获到了一些干货
    细节方面没有那么深入。

    下一篇: 02. 手写EventBus框架——源码分析2


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