HttpURLConnection
官网的链接地址为 https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/kotlin/java/net/HttpURLConnection?hl=en
它的主要优点有以下几条
- 支持GZIP压缩
- 支持系统级连接池,即打开的连接不会直接关闭,在一段时间内所有程序可共用
- 在系统层面做了缓存策略处理,加快重复请求的速度
当然,以上几条优点OkHttp也都具备,那为什么还要给大家介绍这个库呢?
因为它比较适合以下场景,如果App调用的接口比较少,参数传递比较简单,我们就没有必要额外再引入一个包去处理网络请求,另外如果是商业使用,还得考虑许可证的问题
常用方法
//设置连接超时时间
setConnectTimeout(int)
//设置读取超时时间
setReadTimeout(int)
//设置允许输出(Post必须设置为true)默认false
setDoOutput(boolean);
//设置请求允许输入 默认是true
setDoInput(boolean)
//是否启用缓存(Post请求不能使用缓存)
setUseCaches(boolean)
//设置请求类型
setRequestMethod(String)
//设置请求头
setRequestProperty(String, String)
Get请求
private void httpGet() {
HttpURLConnection urlConnection= null;
try {
URL url = new URL("https://www.baidu.com/");
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3* 1000);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(3* 1000);
urlConnection.setDoOutput(false);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setUseCaches(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("sign", "0x25678");
urlConnection.connect();
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
readStream(in);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
}
Post请求
private void httpPost() {
HttpURLConnection urlConnection= null;
try {
URL url = new URL("https://www.baidu.com/");
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3* 1000);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(3* 1000);
//note must be set true
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("sign", "0x25678");
urlConnection.connect();
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
readStream(in);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
}
private void readStream(InputStream in) {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
try {
while (in.read(buffer) != -1) {
String text = new String(buffer, "utf-8");
result.append(text);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Log.d(TAG, "read result:" + result.toString());
}
OkHttp
开源库的地址为:
https://github.com/square/okhttp
4.0及之后的版本为 Kotlin
版本,底层用得也是自家库Okio这个库的主要优点如下:
- 支持HTTP/2,可以合并多个到同一个主机的请求
- 使用连接池技术减少请求的延迟(如果HTTP/2是不可用)
- 使用GZIP压缩减少传输的数据量
- 缓存响应避免重复的网络请求
这些优点大家应该都不陌生,最主要的是这个库使用起来特别方便
引入方式
只要在app路径下build.gradle
文件中dependencies
项下添加如下依赖即可
implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.9")
因为我这边用的是java代码演示,所以版本号我选的是3.14.9
,如果是Kotlin
,可以引入最新版本4.7.2
同步网络请求
private void syncHttp() {
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://www.baidu.com/")
.addHeader("sign", "0x123456")
.build();
try {
//同步接口execute
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
Log.d(TAG, "isSuccessful:" + response.isSuccessful());
if (response.isSuccessful()) {
Log.d(TAG, "response:" +response.body().string());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.d(TAG, "requestHttp finish");
}
异步网络请求
private void asynHttp() {
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
RequestBody requestBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("name", "zhangsan")
.add("sex", "man")
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://www.baidu.com/")
.addHeader("sign", "0x123456")
.post(requestBody)
.build();
//异步执行,通过enqueue
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "onFailure exception:" + e.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
Log.d(TAG, "onResponse body:" + response.body().string());
}
});
Log.d(TAG, "requestHttp finish");
}
有什么问题,欢迎大家随时与我交流沟通,谢谢!
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